北京市大兴区2009年职业卫生检测及职工健康监护分析

目的了解北京市大兴区职工接触职业病危害因素情况和用人单位职业病危害现状。方法对2009年72家企业作业场所的职业病危害因素检测情况及233家用人单位的7735名职工职业健康检查结果进行分析。结果按企业所属性质分类,联营企业样品合格率低于其余经济类型企业的样品合格率。按职业病危害因素性质分类,物理因素、粉尘因素样品合格率远低于化学因素样品合格率。检出听力损失296人,发生率为13.5%(296/2200);白细胞低于正常值216人,发生率为7.42%(216/2910),二者发生率差异有统计学意义(χ2=50.56,P0.01)。结论受检单位职业病危害因素以噪声为主,加强对噪声的治理和加强职业健康监护是今后职业卫生工作的重点。同时应加大对联营企业存在的职业病危害因素的检测力度,加强对物理因素、粉尘职业病危害因素的检测。

Analysis on Occupational Health Detection and Health Care of Workers in Daxing District of Beijing City

Objective]To understand occupational hazards exposure of workers and the current status of occupational hazards in employing units.Methods]Occupational hazards detection results of workplaces in 72 enterprises and the occupational health examination results of 7735 employees from 233 units in 2009 were analyzed. Results]According to the classification of enterprise nature, the qualified rate of samples from joint venture was lower than that of samples from enterprises of other economic types. Based on the nature of occupational hazards,the qualified rate of samples of physical factors and dust factors were much lower than that of samples of chemical factors. A total of 296 employees were detected hearing loss, the incidence rate was 13.5% （296/2200）; 216 employees＇ leucocyte counts were lower than the normal value, the incidence rate was 7.42% （216/2910）; the differences of the above 2 incidence rates were both significant （χ2=50.56, P0.01）.Conclusion] The main occupational hazard of the detected units is noise. The key of occupational health management is strengthening noise control and occupational health care in future. Meanwhile, it is necessary to enhance the inspection of existing occupational hazards in joint venture, and to strengthen the detection of occupational hazards of physical factors and dust.