深圳市南山区2010~2013年流感病原学检测结果分析

目的分析2010~2013年深圳市南山区流感样病例中流感病毒的变异及流行趋势,为辖区流感防控工作提供依据。方法流感病毒分离采用狗肾传代细胞(MDCK)进行培养,培养液做血凝试验,血凝试验阳性标本做红细胞凝集抑制试验进行分型鉴定。结果 2010~2013年共收集1 028例疑似流感样病例标本,分离出流感病毒246株,分离阳性率为23.9%,其中2010年流感病毒分离阳性率为22.3%(59/264),各型分布H1N1亚型9株、H3N2亚型5株、甲型H1N1 35株、Bv 10株。2011年流感病毒分离阳性率为23.3%(57/245),各型分布甲型H1N1亚型20株、Bv35株、By2株。2012年流感病毒分离阳性率为20%(52/260),各型分布流感病毒H3N2亚型35株、甲型H1N1亚型1株、Bv 13株、By 3株。2013年流感病毒分离阳性率为30.1%(78/259),各型分布H3N2 27株、甲型H1N1 33株、By 18株。流感病毒分离阳性率各年之间差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.0725,P0.05)。结论 2013年流感病毒分离阳性率最高,2010~2013年流感的流行株主要为甲型H1N1、H3N2、B型,而且交替流行。B型流感病毒由Bv系转向By系。流行时间在冬春和夏秋季节。

Detection of influenza-like illness in Nanshan District of Shenzhen City from 2010 to 2013

Objective To analyze the variation of influenza virus in Nanshan District of Shenzhen City from 2010 to2013.Methods The throat swab of influenza like illness（ILI） patients were collected in Nanshan Hospital weekly, theInfluenza virus were isolated and identified using Madin-Darby canine kidney（MDCK） continuous cell line. The cell culturemedium were collected for hemagglutination test, and the positive samples were subsequently detected by hemagglutinationinhibition test（HI test） for pathogen identification. Results A total of 246 Influenza virus strains were isolated from 1 028 ILIcases from 2010 to 2013 and the positive rate was 23.9%. In 2010, the positive rate was 22.3%（59/264） including 9 H1N1virus strains, 35 new H1N1 strains, 5 H3N2 strqains and 10 BV strains. In 2011, the positive rate was 23.3%（57/245）including 20 new H1N1 strains, 35 BV strains and 2 BY strains.In 2012, the separating positive rate was 20%（52/260）, whichconstituted of 35 H3N2, 1 new H1N1, 13 BV, and 3 BY strains; In 2013, the positive rate was 30.1%（78/259） including 27H3N2 strains,33 new H1N1 strains, and 18 BY strains showing significant statistically difference among years（χ^2=8.0725,P〈0.05）. Conclusions The positive rate of influenza virus in 2013 was higher than the average detection rate in 2010-2012.The dominant strains responsible for influenza epidemic were new H1N1, H3N2 and B strains. Influenza B virus hadtransformed from B Victoria to B Yamagata mainly prevalent at the end of winter and the beginning of spring, as well as the endof summer and the beginning of autumn.