手外伤术后患者焦虑和抑郁的原因分析及护理措施

目的研究手外伤患者实施手术后出现抑郁及焦虑的原因以及相关的护理措施。方法选择在浙江省慈溪市中医院2010年10月～2012年10月间进行诊治的700例手外伤患者,对其进行手术治疗,术后分别运用抑郁自评量表（SDS）和焦虑自评量表（SAS）对所选患者的心理状态进行分析,运用自行设计的问卷对每个手外伤术后的患者出现抑郁及焦虑的原因进行评估,同时进行相应的护理措施。结果本文所选的手外伤患者,术后出现抑郁和焦虑的原因主要为：①术后伤口愈合不理想;②医疗费用相对较高,家庭负担相对较重;③术后失去了原有的劳动能力;④手的美观受到影响;⑤疼痛难以忍受;⑥考虑致伤纠纷,担心事故的责任。护士应对术期患者进行积极的心理护理,对患者实施心理疏导,克服其不良情绪。结论通过对患者实施相应的护理措施,可以有效缓解手外伤患者术后出现的抑郁、焦虑等心理情绪,提高患者的自信心,缓解其心理压力,帮助患者尽快度过心理创伤期,以良好的心理状态面对治疗。

Study and nursing measures of anxiety and depression of patients with hand injury after operation

Objective To cause depression and anxiety and the related nursing measures of patients with hand injury after operation. Methods 700 cases of hand trauma patients in the Chinese Medicine Hospital in Cixi City from October 2010 to October 2012 between diagnosis and treatment, the operation on the postoperative was perform respectively, self-rating depression scale（SDS） and self-rating anxiety scale（SAS） in selected patients psychological status were used to analyze, the self-designed questionnaire on patients with each hand trauma of reason for assessment of depression and anxiety, and the corresponding nursing measures were used. Positive psychological care of patients were given operation time of nurses, patients with psychological counseling, to overcome the negative emotions. Results The patients chosen in this paper, mainly for postoperative causes of depression and anxiety： ①postoperative wound healing was not ideal; ②medical costs were relatively high, relatively heavy family burdens; ③postoperative lose labor ability;④the appearance by hand impact; ⑤the pain unbearable; ⑥consider injury disputes, worried about the responsibility of the accident. Conclusion Through the implementation of the corresponding nursing measures for patients, it can appear depression, anxiety and other psychological state effectively relieve patients with hand injury after operation to improve the patient＇s mood, self-confidence, alleviate their psychological pressure, help patients as soon as possible through the psychological trauma, with good psychological state in the face of treatment.