兰州市七里河区18~90岁常住居民2012与2017年吸烟状况比较

目的了解兰州市七里河区居民2012年及2017年居民吸烟情况、戒烟状况及变化趋势和主要的影响因素,为制定相关的控烟措施提供有力依据。方法分别于2012年和2017年采用《兰州市成人健康行为调查问卷》对兰州市七里河区所属9个街道、6个乡镇居民的吸烟和戒烟状况、人口学信息等进行调查,采用卡方检验、多因素非条件Logistic回归等分析该地区居民吸烟状况及影响吸烟行为的相关因素。结果兰州市七里河区居民2012年共调查15489人,粗吸烟率为22.38%,2017年共调查4549人,粗吸烟率为29.65%,居民吸烟率2017年高于2012年(P<0.05);相较于2012年,2017年居民吸烟人群有年轻化趋势,18~29岁居民吸烟率从3.44%上升到23.90%(P<0.05),30~39岁居民吸烟率从19.33%上升到27.17%(P<0.05);影响因素分析显示,男性吸烟危险性高于女性(OR=40.83),农村居民吸烟风险性大于城市居民(OR=1.82),职业是农民的吸烟风险性高于非农民(OR=2.26),随着文化程度的增高,居民的吸烟风险性降低(OR=0.91)。结论该地区2017年吸烟率明显高于2012年,控烟形势严峻,应加大控烟力度,特别是对农村地区,男性居民的吸烟控制,减少吸烟烟雾对居民的健康影响。同时,戒烟影响原因调查显示,担心吸烟影响健康是戒烟的主要原因,说明提高居民对吸烟危害的认知对戒烟和减少吸烟行为有积极作用。

Comparative Study of Smoking Status of Residents Aged 18~90 in Qilihe District of Lanzhou between 2012 and 2017

Objective To understand the smoking situation,smoking cessation and its influence factors of the residents in 2002 and 2007 in the Qilihe district of Lanzhou.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the 9 communities and 6 towns in Qilihe district in 2012 and 2017 separately."The Lanzhou Adult Health Behavior Questionnaire"was used to investigate the smoking status,smoking cessation and demography of residents.Results 15489 residents were involved in the research in 2012,and 4549 individuals investigated in 2017.The crude smoking rate of residents in Qilihe district was 22.38%in 2012,and the rate was 29.65%in 2017.The smoking rate in 2017 was higher than that in 2012(P<0.05).There was a trend that more young residents smoking in 2017 than 2012.The smoking rate of adult aged 18 to 29 increased from 3.44%in 2012 to 23.90%(P<0.05),and the smo-king rate of residents aged 30 to 39 increased from 19.33%to 27.17%(P<0.05).The results of Logistic analysis showed that the risk of smoking in men was significant higher than that in women(OR=40.83).Rural residents had a higher risk of smoking than urban residents(OR=1.82),and farmers had a higher risk of smoking than non-far-mers(OR=2.26).But educational attainment was a protective factor for smoking.We found that with the increase of educational attainment,the risk of smoking of residents decreased(OR=0.91).Conclusion The smoking rate of residents in 2012 was higher than 2017.Tobacco control should be strengthened,especially for males and residents li-ving in rural areas,to reduce the health impact of smoking smoke on residents.The main reason for quitting smoking is to worry about the health effects of smoking,which suggests that improving residents'awareness of the harm of smoking has a positive effect on quitting smoking and reducing smoking behaviors.