有氧、无氧耐力训练对自主神经调节功能的影响及意义

为评价有氧、无氧耐力训练对自主神经功能的影响，提供健全、合理体育锻炼方案的理论依据，我们将41名健康男性青年，随机分为有氧耐力组和无氧耐力组，进行连续8周训练。分别于训练前、训练4周末、训练8周末进行5min短程心率变异性（HRV）频域、时域法分析。结果显示，与训练前比较，有氧耐力组迷走神经活动增强（HF、HFnu、RMSSD、PNN50，P值均〈0．05），交感神经活动里减弱趋势（LFnu），自主神经平衡表现为趋向迷走神经占优势（LF／HF）。HRV增大；无氧耐力组自主神经调节功能相对较稳定。本研究表明，有氧、无氧耐力训练对自主神经调节能力的影响取决于训练的负荷强度，与有氧训练相似，严格控制的适当强度的无氧耐力训练也可能有利于增强人体对环境的适应能力。

The Effect of Aerobic and Anaerobic Endurance Training on the Regulating Function of Autonomic Nervous System and Its Significance

To evaluate the effect of aerobic and anaerobic endurance training the regulating the function of autonomic nervous system, in order to provide scientific basis for optimizing the project of physical fitness training. Fourty-one healthy young men were randomly divided into aerobic and anaerobic endurance training groups. The training period was 8 weeks. Pre-exercise, 4 weeks and 8 weeks after trained, HRV were measured compared with pre-exercise. The autonomic balance in aerobic endurance group had an increasing parasympathetic activity (HF, HFnu, RMSSD, PNN50, all P was < 0.05) and relatively decreasing sympathetic activity (LFnu). This group showed a parasympathetic predominance (LF/HF) and increase of HRV. While in the anaerobic group there was a relative stabilization with the function of autonomic nervous system. The present study shows that the effect of aerobic and anaerobic endurance training on the autonomic nervous system depends on its intensity. Proper intensity of anaerobic endurance training may be beneficial to improve the adaptability of human body for circumstances as aerobic endurance training.