发酵黄芪对自然衰老大鼠抗氧化能力的影响

目的探究发酵黄芪对自然衰老大鼠抗氧化能力的影响。方法选自然衰老雄性SD大鼠20~22月龄40只,2~3月龄10只,按月龄分为5组:青年对照组、老年对照组、低/中/高剂量发酵黄芪组,各10只,低/中/高剂量发酵黄芪组大鼠分别灌胃100 mg/kg、200 mg/kg、400 mg/kg发酵黄芪,青年对照组、老年对照组则灌胃等量生理盐水,1次/d,各组均分别干预2个月。采用Y迷宫法检测大鼠学习记忆能力;比色法检测大鼠血清及脑组织中氧化应激指标含量;HE染色观察大鼠脑组织病理学形态变化。结果与青年对照组比较,老年对照组大鼠学习能力标准所需实验次数明显增多(P<0.05),而低/中/高剂量实验组较老年对照组显著降低,且呈剂量依赖性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与青年对照组比较,老年对照组血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)含量显著降低(P<0.05),而低/中/高剂量实验组较老年对照组显著升高,且呈剂量依赖性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与青年对照组比,老年对照组血清丙二醛(MDA)含量显著升高(P<0.05),而低/中/高剂量实验组较老年对照组显著降低,且呈剂量依赖性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与青年对照组比较,老年对照组血清SOD、CAT含量显著降低(P<0.05),而低/中/高剂量实验组较老年对照组显著升高,且呈剂量依赖性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与青年对照组比较,老年对照组血清MDA含量显著升高(P<0.05),而低/中/高剂量实验组较老年对照组显著降低,且呈剂量依赖性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。HE染色显示,青年对照组大鼠脑组织结构形态清晰,深染,锥形细胞排列较整齐,神经元细胞密集,齿状回仅见少量变性神经元;老年对照组大鼠海马形态结构轮廓模糊,神经元毒性降低,层次减少,排列稀疏,细胞间隙增大,且海马齿状回出现大量变性神经元;发酵黄芪低/中/高剂量组上述病理变化均有一定程度缓解。结论发酵黄芪可有提高自然衰老大鼠血清及脑组织抗氧化应激指标含量,通过提高其抗氧化能力,发挥显著的脑保护作用,增强大鼠学习记忆能力。

Effect of fermented astragalus on the antioxidant ability of natural aging rats

Objective To investigate the effect of fermented astragalus(Huangqi)on the antioxidant ability of natural aging rats.Methods A total of 40 natural aging male SD rats of 20 to 22 months,and 10 SD rats of 2 to 3 months were selected and divided into the youth control group,senile control group,and low/medium/high dose groups of fermented astragalus,with 10 cases in each group.The astragalus groups were treated with intragastrical administration of 100 mg/kg,200 mg/kg,and 400 mg/kg of fermented astragalus for the low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose groups.The youth and senile control groups were treated with intragastrical administration of saline with the same amount,once per day.The intervention lasted for 2 months.The learning and memory ability of rats were detected by Y maze method;the oxidative stress indicators contents in serum and brain tissue were detected by colorimetric method;pathological and morphological changes of the brain tissue in rats were observed by HE staining.Results Compared with the youth control group,the acquisition standard required testing times in the senile control group increased significantly(P<0.05),while the fermented astragalus low/medium/high dose groups were lower than the senile control group,with dose dependence and statistical significance(P<0.05).Compared with the youth control group,the serum SOD and CAT contents in senile control group decreased significantly(P<0.05),while the fermented astragalus low/medium/high dose groups were higher than the senile control group,with dose dependence and statistical significance(P<0.05).Compared with the youth control group,the serum MDA contents in the senile control group increased significantly(P<0.05),while the fermented astragalus low/medium/high dose groups were lower than the senile control group,with dose dependence and statistical significance(P<0.05).HE staining showed that in the youth control group,the brain tissue structure of the rats was clear,deepstained,and the cone cells were arranged neatly,and the neurons were dense,with a few degenerate neurons in the dentate gyrus;in the senile control group,the morphological structure of hippocampus in rats was unclear,the levels of neurons were reduced with sparse arrangement and large gap,and a large number of degenerate neurons in the dentate gyrus.The above pathological changes were improved to different extent in fermented astragalus low/medium/high dose groups.ConclusionFermented astragalus can increase the content of antioxidant stress indicators in the serum and brain tissue of natural aging rats,and can protect the brain and enhance the learning and memory ability of rats by improving its antioxidant capacity.