广州市越秀区城市居民社会经济状况和心血管病危险因素的关系研究

目的：探讨广州市越秀区城市居民社会经济状况(SES)和心血管病危险因素之间的关系。方法：采用多阶段分层抽样确定样本。研究内容为社会经济状况(教育程度、职业、收入及婚姻状况)、身高、体重、腰围和血压。分析方法包括Spearman等级相关分析，方差分析及Logistic回归分析等。结果：(1)年龄和SES因子调整后，与仅是年龄调整后的分析结果不同。在4个SES指标中，婚姻状况是最有影响力的指标，单身人士(不论男女)比有配偶者更容易发生肥胖；不同职业人群发生肥胖的危险性也不同，且单身男性更易发生腹部肥胖。(2)综合的SES与心血管病危险因素显著相关，SES每增加一个等级，发生肥胖的危险是原来的1．09倍(95％CI=1．01—1．16)，发生高血压的危险是原来的0．86倍(95％CI=0．79—0．95)。结论：在SES中，婚姻状况是与最多危险因素相关的指标，是最普遍的关联因子；受教育水平并不是最重要的SES指标，但教育水平的影响更稳定；收入与心血管病危险因素的关联不明显。职业与高血压、肥胖无显著关联。社会经济状况较好的人存在低水平的高血压危险性和高水平的肥胖危险性。社会经济状况与心血管病危险因素的关联在男女之间不一致。

On the Relationship of Socio-economic Status and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Yuexiu Area of Guangzhou

Objective The present article analyses the association between socioeconomic status (includes education occupation income and marriage) and cardiovascular risk (age,gender,obesity,hypertension ) in Yuexiu Area of Guangdong province,to provide scientific basis for the prevention of cardiovascular disease for the people who mostly need it in China.Methods The sample was determined by multistage sampling Spearman rank analysis,analysis of covariance,and logistic regression were used.Results (1)After age and SES were adjusted,results were different from those age adjusted only.Among the four SES indicators the marriage status seemed to be the most influential factor.People (men or women) without spouse had higher risk of obesity than those who had spouse.The risk of people who have different occupation is different.Single person (man or woman) with lower classic occupation was much easier to get obesity,especially for single man to get ventral obesity.(2)The whole SES had a more obvious effect to the cardiovascular risk factors.One grade increase in SES caused the risk of obesity 1.09 times (95%CI=1.01-1.16) higher than it before,and the risk of hypertension 0.14 times (95%CI =0.79-0.95) lower.Conclusion Marriage status seemed to be the most important measure of the four socioeconomic indicators in relation to the cardiovascular risk factors in the study of population.The level of education was not more important but the effect is more stable than other socioeconomic indicators.There is no obvious relation between income status and cardiovascular risk factors as between occupation status and obesity,or hypertension.People with higher socioeconomic status had lower levels of cardiovascular risk factors and higher lever of obesity risk factors.The relevance between socio-economic status and cardiovascular risk factors was inconsistent between males and females.