老年帕金森病患者的神经心理学特点及其相关因素

目的分析帕金森病（Parkinson’s Disease，PD）患者的认知功能状况及其相关因素。方法利用简易精神状态检查（Mini—Mentalstate，MMSE）、日常生活活动能力量表（Activities of Daily Living Scale，ADL）、韦氏记忆量表（Wechsler Memory Scale，WMS），对PD患者及正常老人（NormalAged，NA）各30例进行认知功能评估。PD组的认知状况与其病程，运动功能障碍（Webster评分），受教育年限等因素进行相关性分析。结果（1）PD组的认知功能损害的发生率为53．3％；（2）与对照组相比PD患者的认知功能损害主要表现在与短时记忆（P〈0．01）和瞬时记忆（P〈0.05）相关的测验；长时记忆、计算能力相关的测验分数差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。（3）PD组患者病程与WMS各分测验无相关关系（P〉0．05）。Webster评分与各分测验均有负相关关系（P〈0．05），尤其与触摸测验分数呈明显负相关（P〈0．01）。患者受教育年限与各分测验亦有相关关系（P〈0．05）。结论PD患者存在不同程度的认知功能障碍，特别是短时记忆、瞬时记忆和执行功能的下降；认知障碍与其受教育程度和运动功能障碍具有相关性。

The neuropsychological characteristics and related factors of elderly patients with Parkinson's disease

Objective To investigate the neuropsychological characteristics of Parkinson＇s disease （PD） and analyze its related factors. Methods PD group （n=30） and normal aged group （n =30） were assessed with Mini-Mental state, Activities of Daily Living Scale and Wechsler Memory Scale, respectively. Oneway anova analysis is used to explore the differences between the two groups. The relationship between cognitive impairment in Parkinson＇s disease and its related factors such as the course of PD, Webster scores and years of education were analyzed. Results The incidence rate of cognitive impairment in PD was 53.3 %. The scores of short term memory and immediate memory of PD were lower than those of the normal aged group. The scores of long term memory and calculation of PD were close to the normal aged group. （3） In PD group, the scores of each test of WMS were associated with the Webster scores and years of schooling, while there was no correlation between the results of WMS test and the course of Parkinson＇s disease. Conclusions Cognitive impairment, in particularly, including the short term memory, immediate memory and the executive dysfunction, is common in Parkinson＇s disease, while it is associated with the motor dysfunction and years of schooling.