郑州市10年神经管缺损发生率的变化趋势

目的 描述1996-2005年郑州市围产儿神经管缺损(neural tube defects,NTDs)的流行病学特征及动态变化趋势.方法 采用医院监测的方法进行数据收集,调查孕满28周至产后7 d住院分娩的围产儿中NTDs的发生情况,分别按年份、围产儿性别、产妇户口所在地(城/乡)、产妇年龄计算其发生率.共监测围产儿162 074名,全市同期出生围产儿496 203名,监测比例为32.66%.结果 NTDs 238例,总发生率为14.68/万,年度发生率呈下降趋势.NTDs的发生率乡村为29.28/万,城镇为9.63/万;女性为17.74/万,男性为11.42/万;产妇年龄别发生率的差异有统计学意义(χ2=22.952,P=0.000),＜20岁和≥35岁组高于其他年龄组,其发生率分别为53.76/万和21.74/万.结论 郑州市NTDs发生率乡村高于城镇、女性高于男性.10年间年度发生率呈下降趋势.

Prevalence trend of neural tube defect in Zhengzhou city, 1996-2005

OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence trend and epidemiological characteristics of neural tube defects (NTDs) in perinatals in Zhengzhou city from 1996 to 2005. METHODS: Data collected from hospital were used to depict the epidemiology of NTDs in Zhengzhou. All perinatal fetuses born in hospitals had an access within 7 days after delivery. The prevalence were calculated by perinatals'year, sex, birth area (urban versus rural) and maternal age. All monitored perinatals (162,074) accounted for 32.66% from totals (496,203). RESULTS: All 238 cases were found NTDs, and the overall prevalence rate was 14.68/10,000. The annual prevalence rate presented a decreasing trend during that period. The rates in rural and urban area, in male and female birth were 29.28/10,000 and 9.63/10,000, 11.42/10,000 and 17.74/10,000 respectively. There were significant differences among maternal-age-specific prevalence rates (chi2 = 22.952, P = 0.000). The rates of <20 years group(53.76/10,000) and >35 years group(21.74/10,000) were higher than others. CONCLUSION: The prevalence rates of NTDs in rural area is higher than that in urban, female's is hither than male's in Zhengzhou. The annual prevalence rates of NTDs presents a decreasing trend in the past ten years.