组织工程角膜材料研究进展

1　人工角膜材料人工角膜的发展经历了一个曲折漫长的过程 ,早在 1 789年 ,法国医生ＰｅｌｌｉｅｒｄｅＱｕｅｎｓｅｙ就提出了人工角膜的设想 ,继之而来各国的学者展开了研究 ,使用了不同的光学材料 ,如水晶、玻璃、赛璐珞、石英等 ,目前的人工角膜由二部分组成 :(1 )光柱 :一个光学透明的中心 ;(2 )支架 :周边部既具有支持光柱的功能 ,同时又能与角膜组织形成永久的固定[1] 。1 .1　光柱材料　光柱材料要求首先必须具有较好的光学性能 ,并且具有无化学毒性和良好的生物相容性。早期使用过无机玻璃 ,但因其耐受性较差而基本上被其他材料取…

Advances in materials of keratoprosthesis and tissue engineering cornea

Although allograft corneal transplantation has made great progress,keratoprothesis implantation is the only one hope, for both the patients who has fleshy pannus corneal vitiligo and the patients with the failure corneal transplantation surgery whose far sight is only light perceptions to recover their eye sight. To gain success and reduce complications, a lot of work has been done in keratoprosthesis materials and type, but heterogeneity and bio-compatibility are not solved totally. Because of development in the cell culture and tissue engineering, cornea ex vivo culture has gain a critical success. From cell option to carrier using, reconstructed three dimensional culture and epithelium equivalent mimicked human corneas in key morphology and function and were used in basic and clinical investigation. This article reviews the development of materials of keratoprosthesis and tissue engineering cornea.