昆明市366例道路交通伤特点

目的研究道路交通伤的损伤机制、特点及其法医学意义，为创伤急救提供依据。方法对2004年昆明市366例道路交通伤死亡患者的法医病理鉴定资料进行回顾性研究。结果车内人员挤压伤与砸压伤高于车外人员。机动车驾驶员面骨骨折为行人的2．3倍。货车与拖拉机造成开放性脑损伤为其他车辆的3—5倍，碾压伤是其他车辆的1—2倍。轿车导致颅脑损伤比例高于其他车辆，颅骨、面骨骨折的比例低于其他车辆。结论不同车辆导致损伤的机制、特点不同；货车与拖拉机造成的多发伤多于其他车辆；轿车造成颅脑损伤比例高于其他车辆，颅骨、面骨骨折比例低于其他车辆。

Characteristics of traffic injuries in Kunming: a report of 366 cases

Objective To study the mechanism and feature of injury caused by road traffic accident, so as to provide basic data for preventing and controlling the road traffic accident ; as well as first aid for injury against the road traffic accident. Methods Based on the pathological appraisal data provided by the judicial expertise center of Kunming University of Medical Sciences. Retrospective statistical study was carried out on 366 cases of death caused by road traffic accident in 2004. Results The number of people inside the car with crush injury or tamp injury is higher than that outside the car. The facial bone fractures in drivers of motor vehicles were 2.3 times higher than pedestrian injuries. The open cerebral injuries and run-over injuries occurred in truck and tractor were 3-5 times and 1-2 times higher than those in other vehicles. The rate of cerebral injury caused by sedan traffic accident was higher than that of other vehicles, but the rate of skull and facial bone fracture was comparatively lower. Conclusions Different types of traffic injuries have different mechanisms and features, ie, the compound injuries caused by truck and tractor are higher than those caused by other vehicles, and the rate of cerebral injury caused by sedan traffic accident was higher than that of other vehicleg, but the rate of skull and facial bone fracture was comparatively lower.