大鼠外伤性脑干损伤脑干的双重免疫组化及超微病理研究

报告建立大鼠外伤性脑干损伤模型，并以死后脑干伤作对照，用神经微丝（ｎｅｕｒｏｆｉｌａｍｅｎｔ，ＮＦ）及胶质纤维酸性蛋白（ｇｌｉａｌｆｉｂｒｉｌａｒｙａｃｉｄｉｃｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ，ＧＦＡＰ）双重免疫组化染色观察了脑干神经轴索及星形胶质细胞的变化，且对轴索的直径和星形胶质细胞数进行了图像分析及统计处理。用透射电镜观察了延脑网状结构的超微结构变化。结果发现：轴索直径在脑干伤０．５、１ｈ组与死后伤组间无显著性差异，而３ｈ组与死后伤组间差异有显著性。ＧＦＡＰ阳性细胞数在脑干伤０．５ｈ时无明显变化，而伤后１、３ｈ显著性增加。电镜观察到延脑网状结构内的神经髓鞘层面分离，ＮＦ排列紊乱，疏密不一等病变。本研究明确了颅脑损伤早期死亡与脑干损伤的关系，并发现ＮＦ－ＧＦＡＰ双重免疫组化染色可诊断伤后存活１ｈ或更长时间的大鼠外伤性脑干损伤。

DOUBLE IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL PATHOLOGIC STUDY OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN STEM INJURY IN RATS

The model of traumatic brain stem injury was produced in rats and postmortem brain injury was used as control group in this paper.Axons and astrocytes in brain stem were observed by double immunohistochemical staining of neurofilament(NF) and glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP).Axonal diameter and the number of astrocytes were measured through computerized image analysis and the results were analyzed with SPSS system.Ultrastructural changes in medulla oblongata reticular formation were studied by transmission electron microscope(TEM).Results showed:Axonal diameter has no significant difference among 0.5h,1h antemortem injuries and postmortem injuries,but has significant difference between 3h injuries and postmortem injury.There wasn't significant increase in the number of astrocytes in 0.5h antemortem injury.However,the number of astrocytes increased remarkably in 1h,3h injury groups.Myelin disruption and NF disarrangement were seen through TEM.The results demonstrated:early death induced by craniocerebral injury was the result of brain stem injury.NF GFAP double staining may diagnose 1h brain stem injury in rats.These results were expected to be testified in forensic practise.