慢性胃炎患者腻苔的口腔微生物指纹图谱分析

目的 研究慢性胃炎腻苔患者的口腔微生物菌群组成特征，探索腻苔的形成机制。方法 收集40例慢性胃炎患者舌苔样本(腻苔组20例，非腻苔组20例)和20名正常人舌苔样本(健康对照组)。利用16S rRNA基因变性梯度凝胶电泳(denatured gradient gel electrophoresis，DGGE)技术检测各组舌苔微生物菌群，得到舌苔样本细菌DGGE图谱，将其数字化后进行主成分分析(PCA)和偏最小二乘判别法分析(PLS-DA)。结果 慢性胃炎腻苔组、非腻苔组与健康对照组舌苔的微生物组成存在差异。(1)腻苔组与非腻苔组之间有5条具有显著差异的条带，PLS判别模型的预报准确率达到97.5%；腻苔组和健康对照组之间有8条具有显著差异的条带，PLS判别模型的预报准确率达到95.0%；非腻苔组和健康对照组之间的条带差异不明显。(2)腻苔组的8号条带亮度高于非腻苔组和健康对照组，测序结果显示其最近邻居为Moraxella catarrhalis(黏膜炎莫拉氏菌/卡他莫拉菌)，但两者相似度仅为96.2%，可能是目前尚未报道的一个新菌种；10号条带亮度为健康对照组>非腻苔组>腻苔组，测序结果显示其与Rothia mucilaginosa(黏滑罗斯菌)相似度达到100.0%。结论 8号条带的菌种可能与慢性胃炎腻苔的形成有密切关系， 10号条带的菌种可能与慢性胃炎非腻苔形成有一定的关系，提示口腔微生物菌群的变化可能是腻苔的形成机制之一。

The Oral Microbial Fingerprint on the Greasy Tongue Coating of Patients with Chronic Gastritis

Objective To investigate the microbial changes on the greasy tongue coating of the patients with chronic gastritis and to explore the formation mechanism of greasy tongue coating. Methods Forty cases of tongue coating samples from patients with chronic gastritis were collected, 20 cases of greasy fur (as the greasy fur group), 20 cases of non-greasy fur (as the non-greasy fur group), and 20 cases of tongue coating samples from healthy subjects (as the healthy control group). Using 16S rRNA gene denatured gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) the microbial population of the tongue coating was detected. The DGGE fingerprint of the bacterium on the tongue coating was obtained. After digitalized principle component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS-DA) were performed. Results The microorganism compositions are different in the greasy fur group, the non-greasy fur group, and the healthy control group. (1) There were five significantly different bands between the greasy fur group and the non-greasy fur group, with the accuracy of 97.5% in judging the model. There were 8 significantly different bands between the greasy fur group and the healthy control group, with the accuracy of 95.0% in judging the model. There was no obvious difference between the healthy control group and the non-greasy fur group. (2) The brightness of band 8 was higher in the greasy fur group than in the non-greasy fur group and the healthy control group. It may be a new species closely associated with the formation of greasy tongue coating. Results of the sequence showed its nearest neighbor was Moraxella catarrhalis, but with the similarity of 96.2%. The brightness of band 10 was sequenced as the healthy control group>the non-greasy fur group>the greasy fur group. Results of the sequence showed it had 100.0% similarity to Rothia mucilaginosa (stick-slip Ross strain). Conclusions The bacteria species on band 8 may have a close correlation with the formation of greasy fur of chronic gastritis, while the bacteria species on band 10 may have a close correlation with the formation of non-greasy fur. They indicated the microbial changes in the oral cavity may be one of the formation mechanisms for greasy tongue coating.