椎弓根固定并骨水泥椎体成形术治疗胸腰椎骨折

目的 探讨不稳定性胸腰椎骨折开放式椎体成形术的治疗方法.方法 回顾分析2003年9月至2007年5月手术治疗并获得随访胸腰椎爆裂骨折患者31例(计33个椎体),均行后路短节段三平面椎弓根内固定+伤椎磷酸钙骨水泥椎体成形术.结果 31例均Ⅰ期手术成功,骨折愈合后取出内固定,无椎体高度丢失,无邻近节段退变.术后随访9～35个月(平均24.2个月),有2例(6.4%)出现伤椎椎体塌陷,其余患者术后CT显示,伤椎椎管减压充分,伤椎椎体高度维持良好,形态无塌陷,伤椎椎体中央高度值与正常值比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05).后凸畸形矫正失去率不明显.结论 后路短节段椎弓根内固定+伤椎椎体开放性磷酸钙骨水泥成形术是一种治疗胸腰椎不稳定性骨折的有效治疗方法.

Open vertebreplasty for unstabilized thoracic-lumbar fracture

Objective To investigate the treatment of open vertebreplasty for unstabilized thoracic-lumbar fracture. Methods From September 2003 to May 2007, there were 31 patients of thoracic-lumbar burst fracture who had undergone operation and had been followed. According to the Denis classification, all the patient were burst fracture with the involvement of middle column. All of them were undergone posterior short segment transforminal interbody fusion and vertebreplasty filled with phosphate calcium bone cement. Results All of 31 patients had undergone operation successfully. The interbody were removed when fracture healed. There was no loss of vertebral height, no degenerative change of adjacent segment. They were followed for 9～35 months, the average was 24.2 month. 2 of 31(6.4%) were found collapse of the fracture vertebrae, 1 was found kyphosis and failure fusion, which led another operation. The reason may be the severe burst of vertebrae, insufficient filling of phosphate calcium bone cement or bearing weight early stage. Of all other patients, CT scan showed sufficient decompression of fracture vertebraes, retained height of fracture vertebraes and no collapse. There was no obvious difference between height of fracture vertebrae and normal vertebrae (P0.05). The loss of correction of kyphosis was not obvious. Conclusion posterior short segment transforminal interbody fusion and vertebreplasty filled with phosphate calcium bone cement is a effective treatment for unstabilized thoracic-lumbar fracture. The pain is relieved after operation, patient can exercise on the ground in the early stage, and the quality of life is improved.