我国农村饮用水水质现状

目的了解全国农村饮用水的卫生状况,并为改善农村饮用水状况和制定我国农村疾病预防控制策略提供科学依据。方法于2006年在全国31个省、自治区、直辖市和新疆生产建设兵团开展调查,以涉及农村的县、区的总数为调查总体。按照国家统一方案的要求确定调查县,依照按比例分层随机的方式选择水质调查点,不同类型的水样采集数量根据供水方式的饮用人口比例确定;以省为单位,所选择的调查点覆盖全部的水源类型和供水方式;每个县不少于10个调查点。按照GB5750—1985《生活饮用水标准检验法》进行水样的采集和检测,检测指标包括色度、浑浊度、pH值、总硬度、铁、锰、砷、氟化物、硝酸盐氮、氯化物、硫酸盐、耗氧量、总大肠菌群、细菌总数等。按照《农村实施〈生活饮用水卫生标准〉准则》(1991)规定的饮用水水质分级要求进行评价。结果我国农村生活饮用水的水源主要以地下水为主,饮用地下水的人口占74.87%,饮用地面水的人口占25.13%;饮用集中式供水的人口占55.10%,饮用分散式供水的占44.90%。以《农村实施(生活饮用水卫生标准)规则》作为评价标准,这次调查水样中未达到基本卫生安全的超三级水是44.36%;地面水超三级水为40.44%,地下...

Current Situation Analysis on China Rural Drinking Water Quality

Objective To get a better understanding of the current situation of rural drinking water quality in China and to provide scientific evidence for improving rural drinking water supply.Methods The survey was conducted in 2006 in 31 provinces,and the survey population involved all counties where the rural areas were concerned.The survey counties were identified in line with the requirements of the nationwide unified plan,and the water quality survey points were randomly selected according to stratification in ...