2006－2013年全国伤害监测系统中自残/自杀病例特征分析

目的 了解全国伤害监测系统(NISS)自残/自杀门/急诊病例的分布特征,为制定相关政策提供依据.方法 利用2006-2013年NISS监测数据,分析自残/自杀病例占伤害病例构成趋势、人口社会学特征、自残/自杀事件基本情况及临床信息构成情况.结果 监测期间因自残/自杀就诊人数占所有伤害就诊人数的比例呈下降趋势.2013年因自残/自杀就诊女性病例占58.6％,文化程度为初中者占42.1％;76.2％的自残/自杀发生在家中;因自残/自杀就诊者中56.1％采用中毒的方式自伤,其次为锐器;60.8％的自残/自杀就诊者治疗后观察/住院/转院.结论 自残/自杀行为干预应加强农药/毒麻药品的管制,利用自杀未遂者在院期间开展再次自杀的预防工作.

Analysis on the characteristics of self-inflicted injury/suicide based on the Chinese National Injury Surveillance System from 2006 to 2013

Objective To understand the characteristics of self-inflicted injury/suicide cases that were seen from the clinic or the emergency rooms, to provide basis for suicide prevention strategies development. Methods Data from the National Injury Surveillance System, from 2006 to 2013 were used to analyze the trend of self-inflicted injury/suicide proportion in injuries as well as the socio-demographic characteristics of the cases with related basic and clinic information related to self-inflicted injury/suicide. Results The proportion of self-inflicted injury/suicide cases decreased during the past 8 years. 58.6% of the self-inflicted injury/suicide cases were females in 2013 and 42.1% received junior secondary school education. Self-inflicted injury/suicide were mostly taken place at home (76.2%). Poisoning (56.1%) and sharp injury were the major ways causing self-inflicted injury or suicide. Conclusion Interventions on self-inflicted injury/suicide should be strengthened including control programs on pesticide/psychotropic drugs. Prevention on future attempts and suicide should include the full use during the in-hospital time of those suicide attempters.