大连市小学生预防铅中毒健康教育效果评价

目的了解大连市三~五年级小学生铅中毒知识的知晓状况以及健康相关行为,评价健康教育的干预效果。方法采用随机整群抽样法对大连市2个区15所学校的三~五年级学生进行问卷调查,对全校师生开展预防儿童铅中毒的健康教育干预,以相同的方法和相同的问卷评价干预效果。结果三~五年级小学生关于儿童铅中毒相关知识及健康相关行为,干预后平均得分均明显提高(P<0.01)。不同年级学生知识得分干预前后差异均有统计学意义,干预前五年级高于四年级,四年级高于三年级(F=25.876,P<0.01);干预后四、五年级高于三年级(F=7.687,P<0.05)。不同年级学生干预前行为得分差异无统计学意义(F=1.138,P>0.05),干预后三、四年级学生行为得分明显高于五年级学生(F=3.948,P<0.05)。女生行为得分在干预前后均明显高于男生。结论对小学生进行预防儿童铅中毒健康教育,可以明显提高小学生对铅中毒的认识及预防能力。

Impact Evaluation on the Health Education of Lead Poisoning Prevention Among Pupils in Dalian

Objective To study the understanding rate about knowledge of lead poisoning and relevant healthy behaviors among Dalian pupils in grade 3-5,and to evaluate the impact of health education.Methods Pupils were sampled by means of random clustered sampling method in grade 3-5 from 15 schools.A questionnaire survey was conducted among them.Meanwhile,health education about preventing lead poisoning were carried out in the schools.The same methods were used after the education.Results The average scores about the knowledge and the healthy behavior were improved evidently after the education(P<0.01).The scores about the knowledge showed obvious difference in different grades.The scores were highest in grade 5 and lowest in grade 3 before the education(F=25.876,P<0.01),and were higher in grade 4-5 than in grade 3 after the education(F=7.687,P<0.05).The scores about the healthy behavior appeared insignificant difference in different grades(F=1.138,P>0.05).The scores were higher in grade 3-4 than in grade 5 after the education(F=3.948,P<0.05).Moreover,the scores about the healthy behavior in girls were both higher than in boys before and after the education.Conclusion Health education on pupils for preventing lead poisoning is very important to improve their recognition and prevention ability about lead poisoning.