我国部分产生志贺毒素肠出血性大肠埃希菌O157：H7脉冲电场凝胶电泳分型

目的 探讨我国部分地区产生志贺毒素的肠出血性大肠埃希菌（EHEC）O157：H7菌株的分布，流行以及分型情况。方法 用脉冲电场凝胶电泳（PFGE）方法进行分型，辅以药物敏感性试验对51株产生志贺毒素的EHECO157：H7菌株进行研究。结果 根据细菌染色体DNA的XbaI酶切图谱，可将从江苏省徐州市等地分离的51株产生志贺毒素的EHECO157：H7菌株分成8个PFGE型别（PFGE1-PFGE8），宁夏菌株为PFGE1型和2型，徐州菌株有6个PFGE型，1986-1988年的分离菌株属于PFGE7型，1999、2000年病人分离株的优势型别分别是PFGE5型与3型，1999年爆发性流行期间从患者分离的5株菌属于PFGE5型，从家畜家禽的粪便，食品，蔬菜等标本分离的19株菌，可以分为PFGE3-6等4个型别，其中，PFGE5型占优势（10株菌）。结论 爆发性流行的发生与携带病原菌的家畜家禽粪便污染的食品，蔬菜等有关，从我国部分地区分离的EHECO157：H7菌株的PFGE型别有地区性差异。

Molecular typing of Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 isolated in China with pulsed field gel electrophresis

OBJECTIVE: To type and group the Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains isolated recent years in China to understand the epidemiological features caused by the pathogen. METHODS: Pulsed field gel electrophoresis of large restriction fragments of bacterial chromosomal DNA was used. RESULTS: The 51 isolates of E. coli O157:H7 collected in recent years in China could be divided into 8 Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) types based on the size and number of restriction fragments and patterns, that were digested by XbaI. Strains isolated from Ningxia province showed only two types- PFGE1 and PFGE2. Strains isolated in Xuzhou of Jiangsu province had 6 PFGE types. Isolates identified between 1986 - 1988 belonged to PFGE7. Strains isolated from patients in 1999 - 2000 were PFGE5 and PFGE3. Strains isolated from stool samples of domestic animal, food and vegetable were PFGE3 - 6, of which the predominant type was PFGE5. All of the 5 strains isolated from patients with diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) belonged to PFGE type 5, which was the dominant type of the isolates from stool samples of domestic animal and samples of food and vegetable contaminated. CONCLUSION: Data suggested that the cluster patients with diarrhea and HUS might have been related to the pathogens from domestic animas and contaminated food or vegetables. The distribution of PFGE types also varied in different provinces of China.