踝关节开放性骨折的手术治疗

目的 评估超踝关节外固定架结合负压封闭引流技术治疗踝关节开放性骨折的临床疗效.方法 2005年4月至2009年4月,治疗19例踝关节GustiloⅢ型开放性骨折,其中ⅢA损伤10例,ⅢB型7例,ⅢC型2例.全部行急诊清创,骨折间接复位超踝关节外固定架固定,用封闭式负压引流技术关闭创面,待创面洁净肉芽生长后通过直接缝合、游离植皮或转移皮瓣等方法修复软组织创面.结果 本组病例负压封闭引流5.0～18.0 d(平均10.3 d),2例经直接缝合、12例行游离植皮、3例转移皮瓣关闭创面,2例因创面感染、组织坏死渗出,经多次清创并更换负压封闭引流敷料,创面最终通过转移皮瓣得以修复.19例患者全部获得随访,随访时间8-36个月,平均26个月;踝关节骨折均在术后3.0～10.0个月(平均3.8个月)愈合.末次随访时踝关节功能Baird-Jackson评分优9例,良5例,可4例,差1例.结论 超踝关节外固定架固定骨折、封闭式负压引流技术覆盖创面能有效治疗踝关节Gustilo Ⅲ型开放性骨折.

Surgical treatment of compound fracture of the ankle

Objective To report the clinical outcome of the treatment of compound ankle fractures by vacuum sealing drainage and spanning external fixator. Methods From April 2005 to April 2009, 19 cases of Gustilo type Ⅲ compound ankle fractures were treated, with type iliA in 10 cases, Type ⅢB in 7 and Type Ⅲ C in 2. All cases underwent emergency debridement, and had the fractures fixed with spanning external fixator following indirect reduction, the wound closed with vacuum sealing drainage and repaired through direct suture, split-thickness skin graft or flap transposition. Results In this series, following VSD of 5.0 to 18.0 d (mean 10.3 d), 2 cases had their wounds closed by direct suture, 12 by skin graft and 3 by flap transposition. The other 2 eases had repeated wound debridement and multiple use of VSD, and had their wounds repaired by flap transposition. All the 19 cases were followed up for 8 to 36 months with an average of 26 months. All the fractures united 3.0 to 10. 0 ( mean 3.8 ) months. At the final follow-up functional evaluation of the affected ankle joints was performed only to find excellent in 9 cases, good in 5, fair in 4 and poor in 1. Conclusion Gustilo type Ⅲ compound ankle fracture can effectively be treated with VSD and spanning external fixator.