两种染色方法对X染色质显示效果的比较

①目的 探讨理想的显示口腔黏膜细胞内X染色质的方法。②方法 取人口腔黏膜细胞，分别采用吉姆萨与硫堇两种染色方法显示X染色质结构。③结果 吉姆萨染色后，细胞背景染料杂质少，细胞轮廓清楚，核质均匀，X染色质形态清晰，阳性率高。硫堇染色后，胞核胞浆着色对比不明显，细胞轮廓不清楚，且细胞背景染料杂质多，易与X染色质混淆。④结论 吉姆萨染色比硫堇染色更能清楚显示X染色质，提高了X染色质分辨率。

A COMPARISON BETWEEN GIEMSA AND THIONIN STAININGS FOR SHOWING X CHROMATIN

Objective To explore an ideal method for showing X chromatin in mucosal cells of oral cavity. Methods Mucosal cells of human oral cavity were stained with Giemsa or Thionin to show the structure of X chromatin. Results After being stained with Giemsa , the cells demonstrated a clear outline, well distributed nucleus substances, less staining impurities in the cell setting, clear X chromatin pattern, and a higher positive rate. When stained with Thionin, the cell outline was not clear. There was no a sharp contrast between the nucleus and cytoplasm. There were more staining impurities in the cell setting which were easy to be confused with the X chromatin. Conclusion Giemsa staining technique is more sensitive than Thionin method in showing X chromatin and enhances its resolving power of X chromatin.