治疗家族性高胆固醇血症时合成短肽在去除血中LDL的应用

简要地介绍了从血液中分离低密度脂蛋白(LDL)技术的适应症，并对LDL吸附系统作了简单回顾，主要从合成短肽在去除血中LDL的应用出发，介绍了4种新型吸附剂配体(短肽)的不同设计原理：(1)利用静电吸引力的原理设计了带正电荷的短肽；(2)根据LDL受体的配体结合位点肽段的特征设计短肽；(3)制备具有Lp(a)特征的短肽作为免疫原获取Lp(a)抗体；(4)用基因工程的方法人工合成低密度脂蛋白接合蛋白(LBPs)片断用于与LDL的特异性结合。接着介绍了对吸附剂载体的设计要求。最后从合成短肽的角度出发，对血液净化法治疗家族性高脂血症作了展望。

Peptides Used in Lowering the Level of LDL in Plasma when Treating Familial Hypercholesterolemia

While introducing the indications of low density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis, LDL absorption systems were reviewed generally. As the key components for binding LDL, four kinds of ligands which are synthesized by different principles are: 1. Positively charged peptides designed according to state charge force between ligand and LDL; 2. Peptides designed according to structural characteristics of the binding site between LDL and its receptors; 3. Antibody of Lp (a) obtained by immunizing mammals with designed peptides with the characteristics of Lp (a); 4. Segments of LDL binding proteins (LBPs) synthesized with genetic engineering method based on the specific binding of LBPs to LDL. Requirements of matrices carrying these ligands are also considered. Finally, future developments in treatments of familial hypercholesterolemia by means of blood purification using synthesized peptides are overlooked.