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Hormone levels and cognitive function in postmenopausal midlife women |
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| Authors: | Ryan Joanne Stanczyk Frank Z Dennerstein Lorraine Mack Wendy J Clark Margaret S Szoeke Cassandra Kildea Daniel Henderson Victor W |
| Affiliation: | a Department of Psychiatry and National Ageing Research Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Victoria, Australia b INSERM, U888, Montpellier, F-34093, France; University Montpellier 1, Montpellier, F-34000, France c Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA d Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA e Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Victoria, Australia f School of Mathematical and Geospatial Sciences, RMIT University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3000, Australia g Department of Health Research and Policy (Epidemiology), Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA h Current address: CSIRO Preventative Health Flagship and the National Ageing Research Institute (NARI), The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia |
| Abstract: | Gonadal hormones may influence cognitive function. Postmenopausal midlife women in the population-based Melbourne Women's Midlife Health Project cohort were administered a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests on two occasions 2 years apart. Participants (n = 148, mean age 60 years) had undergone natural menopause and were not using hormone therapy. Estrone, total and free estradiol, and total and free testosterone levels were measured at time of the first testing. Principal-component analysis identified four cognitive factors. In multiple linear regression analyses, better semantic memory performance was associated with higher total (p = 0.02) and free (p = 0.03) estradiol levels and a lower ratio of testosterone to estradiol (p = 0.007). There were trends for associations between better verbal episodic memory and lower total testosterone (p = 0.08) and lower testosterone/estradiol ratio (p = 0.06). Lower free testosterone levels were associated with greater 2-year improvement on verbal episodic memory (p = 0.04); higher testosterone/estradiol predicted greater semantic memory improvement (p = 0.03). In postmenopausal midlife women, endogenous estradiol and testosterone levels and the testosterone/estradiol ratio are associated with semantic memory and verbal episodic memory abilities. |
| Keywords: | Cognition Estradiol Estrone Menopause Memory Testosterone |
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