三硝基甲苯(TNT)对大鼠毒作用的实验研究

本文报道了TNT对大鼠毒作用所引起主要脏器的病理改变和某些生化指标的变化。对肝组织作了电镜观察。染毒早期可见肝内质网扩张。亚急性中毒肝线粒体变性和内质网扩张成小泡状。光镜检查见肝细胞浊肿、嗜酸变和嗜酸小体形成。生化指标测定中,LDH_1和LDH_2升高,提示TNT除作用于肝脏外,可能对心肌亦有作用。200mg/kg染毒一周,大鼠睾丸即出现明显的病理改变,因此,睾丸对TNT也是敏感的器官之一。

The Study on Toxicity of TNT to Rats

This article reports the study of toxicity of TNT to rats in acute and subacute tests. The main organs of rats were examined. The activity of serum GPT, GOT and LDH was determined. The results showed that the liver and spleen were enlarged, the testes were atrophied. The liver cells were observed clcudy swelling, acidophilic degeneration, eosinophilic body and inflammation cells infiltration Swelling mitochondria, rough surface endoplasmic reticulum dilation and endoplasmic reticulum dilation were observed under the electron microscope. The testes were atrophied at level of 200mg/kg in a week and syncytial cells, decrease of spermatogenic cells and atrophy of convoluted spermiferous tube were observed. These suggest that the testes of rats are sensitive to TNT. The value of LDH_1 and LDH_2 were increased in the group receiving the high dose. It might be have some effect on cardiac muscle.