肿瘤相关巨噬细胞的极化及其对肿瘤治疗的影响

可塑性和多样性是巨噬细胞的重要特征,根据其功能不同,巨噬细胞被分为经典活化型即M1型,替代活化型即M2型。诱导M1和M2型巨噬细胞分化的条件不同,M1和M2型巨噬细胞的表型及功能也存在差异。在多数肿瘤微环境中存在M2型的巨噬细胞,该细胞通过产生多种细胞因子及蛋白酶参与肿瘤血管形成,并促进肿瘤的增殖及转移。因此,靶向抑制M2型巨噬细胞分化、清除M2型巨噬细胞等措施已成为肿瘤治疗研究的重要领域。本文主要对巨噬细胞的极化、肿瘤微环境对肿瘤相关巨噬细胞极化的影响及靶向肿瘤相关巨噬细胞的治疗策略进行综述。

Polarization of tumor-related macrophages and its potential role in tumor therapy

Plasticity and diversity are important characteristics of macrophages.According to their different functions,macrophages are classified into the classic activated type,M1 type,and the alternative activated type,M2 type.Not only the inducers for M1 and M2 macrophages differentiation were different,but the phenotypes and functions of M1 and M2 macrophages were different.M2 macrophages exist in most of the tumor microenvironment.Furthermore,the M2 type macrophages could secret many cytokines,chemokines and protease which involved in tumor angiogenesis,and promote the gowth and metastasis of tumor.Therefore,targeted inhibition of differentiation of M2-type macrophages and elimination of M2-type macrophages have become an important research area in tumor treatment.