北京地区居民肺结核防治知识知晓率现状调查

目的了解北京地区居民肺结核防治知识的知晓率,为进一步有针对性地开展肺结核防控知识宣传工作提供依据。方法采用随机抽样的方法选取北京地区部分居民进行问卷调查,问卷内容以《2006年全国公众结核病防治知识信念行为调查问卷》为主,同时增加肺结核防治知识核心信息和疑似肺结核症状相关问题。结果共收集居民调查问卷520份,其中合格问卷503份,有效率为96.73%。调查对象中,5条肺结核防治知识核心信息总知晓率为40.87%,78.93%知道肺结核是一种严重危害人们健康的慢性呼吸道传染病,48.51%知道只要坚持正规治疗,绝大多数肺结核患者是可以治愈的,仅19.68%知道在县(区)级结核病防治机构检查和治疗肺结核可享受国家免费政策。可以识别4种及以上肺结核疑似症状的居民占53.48%,能全部识别出8种症状的居民仅占7.36%。结论北京市居民肺结核防治知识的知晓率水平相对较低。患者在罹患肺结核的早期若不能够识别症状,不仅延误治疗,增加开放性肺结核传播概率,甚至诱导多耐药结核分枝杆菌的产生,给肺结核防治工作带来更多挑战。

Awareness rate about prevention and control of pulmonary tuberculosis among residents in Beijing

ObjectiveTo understand the awareness rate of pulmonary tuberculosis(TB) prevention and control among residents in Beijing, so as to provide basis for giving publicity on knowledge of pulmonary tuberculosis prevention and control. MethodsResidents in Beijing were randomly selected for questionnaire survey, the main content of questionnaire included “The 2006 national survey on knowledge, attitudes and practice about tuberculosis prevention and control”, the core knowledge of pulmonary TB prevention and control, as well as the related symptoms of suspected tuberculosis were also included. ResultsA total of 520 questionnaires were collected, 503 of which were qualified, the effective rate was 96.73%. Among respondents, the total awareness rate of five core knowledge about pulmonary TB prevention and control was 40.87%, 78.93% of the respondents knew that pulmonary TB was a chronic respiratory infectious disease which could seriously damage people’s health，48.51% knew that the majority of patients with pulmonary TB could be cured as long as they persisted in correct treatment, only 19.68% knew that examination and treatment of pulmonary TB in the county (district) level TB control institutions could enjoyed national free policy. Nearly 53.48% of respondents knew 4 or more suspected pulmonary TB symptoms, only 7.36% of respondents could recognize all eight symptoms of pulmonary TB. ConclusionResidents in Beijing have low awareness of pulmonary TB prevention and control knowledge. If patients in the early stage of pulmonary TB can not identify symptoms, it is not only delay treatment and increase the spread of tuberculosis, but also induce the transmission of multidrug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis, so produce more challenges to pulmonary TB prevention and control.