中性粒细胞胞外诱捕网络在分泌性中耳炎中的作用及其研究进展

分泌性中耳炎(OME)是以传导性聋及鼓室积液为主要特征的中耳非化脓性疾病。冬春季多发，是儿童和成人听力下降的常见原因。部分患者的病程过长，最终导致黏连性中耳炎、胆脂瘤等病变，形成不可逆的听力损害。OME的发生发展主要与咽鼓管功能障碍、中耳局部感染和变态反应相关，但是，其病理机制目前尚不明确。中性粒细胞胞外诱捕网络(NETs)作为中性粒细胞捕获和杀灭病原体的一种新作用机制，参与循环、呼吸、肿瘤及自身免疫性疾病的发生和发展；并且作为新的治疗靶点，NETs的抑制剂对这些疾病的治疗已经取得了一定进展。前期研究在OME患者或动物模型的中耳积液中发现了NETs相关蛋白，提示NETs也参与OME的疾病进展。本文就NETs在OME中的作用及其研究进展作一综述。

Research progress on the role of neutrophil extracellular traps in otitis media with effusion

Otitis media with effusion (OME) is a non-suppurative disease of the middle ear characterized by conductive deafness and tympanic effusion. OME occurs frequently in winter and spring, which is one of the common causes of hearing loss in children and adults. The disease course of some patients is too long, eventually leading to adhesion otitis media, cholesteatoma and other lesions, the formation of irreversible hearing damage. The occurrence and development of OME is mainly related to eustachian tube dysfunction, middle ear local infection and allergy. However, its pathological mechanism is still unclear. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is a new mechanism of neutrophil to capture and kill pathogens, which is involved in the occurrence and development of circulation, respiration, tumor and autoimmune diseases. And as new therapeutic targets, NETs inhibitors have made some progress in the treatment of these diseases. Previous studies have found NETs related proteins in middle ear effusion of OME patients or animal models. These studies have suggested that NETs are also involved in the progression of OME disease. This paper reviewed the role of NETs in OME and its research progress.