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Control of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 5 epidemic of severe pneumonia among young army recruits by mass antibiotic treatment and vaccination |
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| Authors: | Ran D. Balicer Salman Zarka Hagai Levine Eyal Klement Tamar Sela Nurith Porat Nachman Ash Ron Dagan |
| Affiliation: | 1. Medical Corps, Israeli Defense Forces, Israel;2. The Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel;3. Haifa University School of Public Health, Israel;4. Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel;5. Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Soroka University Medical Center and the Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel |
| Abstract: | During an outbreak of severe pneumonia among new army recruits, an epidemiological investigation combined with repeated nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal cultures from sick and healthy contacts subjects was conducted. Fifteen pneumonia cases and 19 influenza-like illness cases occurred among 596 recruits over a 4-week period in December 2005. Pneumonia attack rates reached up to 5.5%. A single pneumococcus serotype 5 clone was isolated from blood or sputum cultures in 4 patients and 30/124 (24.1%) contacts. Immunization with 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine supplemented with a 2-dose azithromycin mass treatment rapidly terminated the outbreak. Carriage rates dropped to <1%, 24 and 45 days after intervention. |
| Keywords: | Pneumonia Streptococcus pneumoniae Outbreak Vaccine Young adults Carriage |
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