山东省中小学生1985～2000年体质量指数及肥胖检出率趋势研究

目的分析山东省中小学生体重指数（BMI）及超重和肥胖发生率的长期趋势，为青少年生长发育研究提供依据。方法抽取1985，1995和2000年全国学生体质健康调研山东省资料，根据7～18岁中小学生的身高、体重，计算体质量指数（BMI）；按照《中国学生超重、肥胖BMI筛查标准》，分别计算男、女生各年龄组超重和肥胖检出率。结果男生BMI均值以及超重和肥胖检出率在多个年龄组显著高于女生。7～18岁男女生BMI均值呈逐渐升高趋势，但各年龄组间BMI差值并非均匀一致；总体来看，1995年BMI均值以及超重和肥胖检出率高于1985年，而2000年高于1995年。结论BMI均值、超重和肥胖检出率均随年代的增加而逐渐升高，并表现出一定的年龄和性别差异。山东省中小学生的超重和肥胖率正在以较快速度增长，并表现出明显的低龄化趋势。

Trends in Body Mass Index and the Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity Among Students in Shandong from 1985 to 2000

Objective To analyze the secular changes in body mass index(BMI) and the prevalence of overweight and obesity,and to provide basis for the research of adolescents' growth and development.Methods Data were from Research Section of Students' Constitution and Health of Shandong Province in 1985,1995 and 2000.BMI was calculated according to their height and weight.According to The Screening Criteria of Overweight and Obesity for Chinese Students Using BMI,the prevalence of overweight and obesity were obtained.Results The prevalence of overweight and obesity were higher in boys than in girls in most age groups.The average of BMI for both males and females increased with age in 7-18 years old.In general,the average value of BMI and the prevalence of overweight and obesity were highest in 2000 and the lowest in 1985.Conclusion The average value of BMI and the prevalence of overweight and obesity are increasing with ages,and differences are found in ages and gender.The prevalence rate of overweight and obesity are increasing rapidly with a trend of small age among primary and secondary school students in Shandong.