经血源性子宫内膜干细胞及其修复外周神经损伤的应用前景

外周神经损伤带给患者长期病痛的同时严重影响了患者的生活质量,目前临床上除显微外科手术外,移植施万细胞(SC)也成为有效的治疗方法。然而SC移植的先天不足限制了其在临床上的大规模使用,因此,干细胞治疗神经损伤逐渐成为近年来的研究热点。而近来发现的经血源性子宫内膜干细胞(Men ESCs)凭借其丰富的来源,无创伤的分离方式以及较高的增殖活性和分化潜能等方面的优势获得广泛关注,并在成骨、心肌、肝脏、子宫内膜及中风等疾病的治疗过程中显示了良好的效果。因此,我们在明确外周神经损伤发生机制的基础上,着重阐明Men ESCs的生物学特性及其在治疗外周神经损伤的机制,以期为Men ESCs在外周神经损伤的治疗提供借鉴。

Therapeutic potential of menstrual blood derived endometrium stem cells on the repair of peripheral nerve injury

Peripheral nerve injuries not only bring long-term pain to the patients, but also seriously affect their quality of life. Of current techniques for the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries, besides the accurate microscopic surgery, Schwann cell (SC) transplantation has become an effective treatment, which plays a key role in the response of the peripheral nervous system to axonal injury. However, several drawbacks of autologous SC transplants, such as the limited sources for harvest, donor site morbidity, and difficulty expanding cells to obtain enough for transplant, have limited their use. Therefore, stem cells based therapy for improving peripheral nerve regeneration has gradually become a research hotspot in recent years. Menstrual blood derived endometrium stem cells (MenESCs) was first reported in 2007, and gained wider attention with its accessibility, no secondary surgical risk, rich source and genetic stability. Its multipotency has been demonstrated by directly differentiating them into chondrogenic, adipogenic, osteogenic, neurogenic, and cardiogenic cell lineages using the specific differentiation culture medium. This paper focuses on evaluating the therapeutic potential of MenESCs on the repair of peripheral nerve injury, and provides references to promote the clinical application of MenESCs on the peripheral nerve regeneration.