HIV暴露婴儿预防接种免疫效果报告

目的为评估经HIV母婴阻断措施后该类婴儿群对卡介苗、乙肝疫苗的免疫反应能力,为相关部门制定此类婴儿的预防接种政策提供依据。方法为HIV感染孕妇提供综合性母婴阻断措施,将其婴儿设为观察组,母亲HIV阴性婴儿为对照组。对2组婴儿按常规进行预防接种,在接种卡介苗3～6个月后作结核菌素（PPD）试验、乙肝疫苗7～10个月后作乙肝抗体（抗-HBs）水平检测。结果 HIV感染孕妇经孕期规范抗病毒治疗后母婴阻断效果明显,其婴儿感染率远低于未治疗者。2组婴儿的PPD阳性率及卡痕阳性率均达90%以上;抗-HBs水平,观察组为296.83±3.10mIU/mL,对照组为354.30±2.37mIU/mL。结论本组资料显示,HIV阳性孕妇经综合性HIV母婴阻断措施后其所娩婴儿对乙肝疫苗和卡介苗具有类似于普通婴儿的免疫反应能力。

Report on Vaccine-induced Immunity of HIV-exposed Infants

The purpose is to investigate immune tolerance and the efficacy of hepatitis B vaccine and BCG immunization of infants on the prevention of mother to child transmission（PMTCT） programs, in order to provide the basis for corresponding vaccination policy. We provide PMTCT service to HIV-positive mothers and define infants of HIV-positive mothers as experimental group（EG）, while infants beard by HIV-negative mothers as comparative group （CG）. The two groups were vaccinated regularly and had PPD tests and anti-HBs level tests. In consequence, the HIV prevalence in infants born to mothers on the PMTCT programs is substantially lower than infants not in the program.The PPD-positive rates of the both groups are above 90%, and the mean content of anti-HBs for EG and CG are 296.83±3.10mIU/mL and 354.30±2.37mIU/mL respectively. In conclusion, the efficacy of hepatitis B and BCG vaccine immunization of infants born to HIV-positive mothers is similar to normal infants.