婴幼儿流行性感冒病毒抗体的检出率与新近感染分析

目的了解流行性感冒（流感）病毒流行后婴幼儿获得新近感染的情况。方法选择出生后3～4月龄、10～11月龄时两次暴露于流感病毒甲1（H1N1）亚型流行高峰的13月龄幼儿,和出生后5～6月龄时暴露于H1N1亚型流行高峰的8月龄婴儿的血清,测定流感病毒抗体。结果两次暴露于流感病毒H1N1亚型流行高峰的13月龄组中,H1N1亚型流感病毒的抗体阳性率为31.47%;暴露1次H1N1亚型流行高峰的8月龄组,抗体阳性率为26.42%;差异无统计学意义（χ2=1.207,P〉0.05）。结论13月龄组的幼儿可能在≤4月龄的那次H1N1亚型的暴露中,由于胎传抗体的保护而很少被感染,而8月龄组的婴儿是≥5月龄时才暴露,比13月龄组≤4月龄时的那次暴露更易被流感病毒感染。

Analysis on Influenza Antibodies Detection Rate and Infected Recently among Infants

Objective To understand the status of infants infected with influenza viruses after switch over of dominant strain in the summer of 2006. Methods Two groups of infants serum were collected and to be detected the antibodies of influenza viruses which the infants experienced two peaks of influenza A H1N1 circulation in the age of 3-4 and 10-11 months old and the infants only experience one circulation in 5-6 months old. Results The antibody of influenza A H1N1 viruses was 31.47% in the infants who experience two circulations in 3-4 months and 10-11 months old and was 26.42% which only experience circulation in the 5-6 months old. There were no significant difference between 2 groups （X^2=1.207, P〉0.05）. Conclusion The group of 13 months age of infants were rarely infected influenza virus in the first time exposure at the age of ≤4 months due to maternal antibodies protection. Whenas,the group of 8 months age who were exposed at the age of ≥5 months,were more easier infected the influenza virus than the group of 13 months age in the first time exposure at the age of ≤4 months.