滨州市不同时期控制麻疹的效果分析

目的评价滨州市不同时期控制麻疹的效果。方法对滨州市1956～2008年麻疹疫情、麻疹减毒活疫苗（Measles Attenuated Live Vaccine,MV）接种率、人群免疫水平和控制麻疹的成本-效益进行分析。结果控制麻疹的实施,使麻疹发病率持续下降。自实施儿童计划免疫以来,MV报告和调查接种率为87.12%～93.45%,人群麻疹抗体保持在较高水平。按控制麻疹的不同时期进行分析,推广使用MV时期（B期：1967～1978年）和未使用MV时期（A期：1956～1966年）相比,计划免疫时期（C期：1979～1997年）和B期相比、加速控制麻疹时期（D期：1998～2008年）和C期相比,年均发病数分别减少9989例、18500例、378例,年均病死数分别减少267例、49例、50例。在1967～2008年控制麻疹进程中,其总成本-效益比为1：22.97。结论滨州市控制麻疹取得了显著的效果,但实现消除麻疹目标仍需付出艰苦努力。

Effect of Measles Control at Different Stages in Binzhou Municipal

Objective To evaluate the effect of measles control at different stages in Binzhou of Shandong. Methods The data of measles incidence, measles vaccine （MV） coverage, the population immune levels of measles IgG antibody from 1956 to 2008, and the cost-benefit of measles control were analyzed. Results The measles incidences were declined continually with implementing the strategies of measles control. Measles vaccine coverages have been keeping at the level of 87.12%-93.45% and the population immune levels of measles IgG antibody have been remaining at high level after implemention EPI. According to the progress of MV immunization strategy, the process of measles control could be divided into stage A （1956-1966, no specific immunization conducted）, stage B （1967-1978, MV began to popularized）, stage C （1979-1997, the EPI was implemented） and stage D （1998-2008, accelerated measles control and elimination）. To compared between stage B and stage A, stage C and stage B, stage D and stage C, the average annual cases were decreased 9989, 18 500, and 378 respectirely, and the average annual dead cases were reduced 267, 49 and 50 respectively. The cost-benefit ratio was 1：22.97 for total 41 years on the process of the measles control and elimination from 1967 to 2008. Conclusion The effect was obtained on the process of measles control in Binzhou city. More efforts should be made to reach the target of measles elimination.