颈动脉球囊扩张再狭窄动物模型的建立

目的　探索再狭窄的发病机制进行干预研究 ,建立颈动脉再狭窄家兔动物模型。方法　取颈部正中切口 ,无菌暴露兔右颈动脉 ;在颈内动脉 (ICA)起始部及颈总动脉 (CCA)近心侧距动脉分叉2cm处用动脉夹临时夹闭 ;自颈外动脉 (ECA)远端结扎并由结扎近心侧穿刺进入导丝、球囊导管 ,撤除CCA动脉夹进行球囊扩张血管成形术 (PTA)。于PTA后不同时间进行组织学及形态学分析 (左侧颈总动脉作正常对照组 )。结果　PTA后早期CCA主要病理改变是血栓形成 ,中晚期为血管平滑肌细胞(VSMC)由中层移行之内膜并失控增殖伴有基质增多 ;第 15天管腔出现明显狭窄 (P <0 .0 1)内膜增厚(P <0 .0 1)。结论　家兔颈总动脉PTA模型模拟了临床过程 ,成功率高 ,为PTA之动脉阶段局部用药或转基因治疗实验首选模型

Experimental study of ballon-dilatation in an establishment of restenosis model in carotid artery of rabbit

Objective To study the mechanism of restenosis for the prevention and treatment by PTA (percutaneous transcather angioplasty) through establishing an model.Methods Under median cervical incision, to eplore right rabbit carotid artery and then clip the segments of ICA at the origination and CCA near the cardiac side of bifucation, balloon catheter with guided wire were finally inserted from proximal cardiac side of the ligated ECA to perform TA after withdrawing the clipper. Histological and morphological analysis with the controll of normal left CCA were carried out during different follow up periods. Results Histopathological and morphometric analysis indicating thrombosis was the main changes in early stage and followed by VSMC from media to intima and irregular proliferation leading to obviously intimal thicking and restenosis at 15 days after PTA.Conclusions This experimental study show low mortality, high practicability and good reproducibility of the model as an ideal presentation for study the mechanism and the prevention of restenosis.