516例维、汉两民族住院肺血栓栓塞症患者危险因素分析

目的回顾性分析新疆医科大学第一附属医院近7年住院的516例肺血栓栓塞症(pulmonary thromboembolism,PTE)患者的危险因素、临床资料,探讨维、汉两民族PTE患者危险因素构成特点的差异性。方法回顾性分析2004至2010年7年间在新疆医科大学第一附属医院住院的PTE患者的临床资料。统计学处理采用t检验、χ2检验。结果①共纳入资料完整的PTE患者516例,其平均年龄57.5±14.8岁。其中汉族360例(69.8%),平均年龄63.5±15.5岁;维吾尔族156例(30.2%),平均年龄52.8±14.3岁。汉族PTE患者高峰年龄在70岁以上,维吾尔族PTE患者高峰年龄为60～69岁。②维、汉两民族PTE患者临床表现比较差异无统计学意义。③维、汉两民族PTE患者较常见的基础病因和获得性危险因素为年龄≥40岁(87.0%),其次为肥胖(70.5%)、既往栓塞史(60.9%,包括DVT、PTE、脑梗塞、心肌梗死)及高脂血症(38.0%)。维吾尔族PTE人群的主要获得性危险因素中肥胖多见(79.5%),而汉族人群是吸烟(37.8%)。结论年龄≥40岁、肥胖、既往栓塞史及高脂血症可能是PTE患者较常见的获得性危险因素及基础疾病,维吾尔族PTE人群肥胖较多见。本结论尚需进一步开展更多大样本的病例-对照研究验证。

Analysis on Risk Factors of 516 Patients with Pulmonary Thromboembolism in Uyghur and Han Nationalities

Objective To analyze the risk factors and clinical characteristics of patients in Uyghur and Han nationalities with pulmonary thromboembolism(PTE),who were hospitalized in past 7 years in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,so as to investigate differences of risk factors between two nationalities.Methods Through retrospective study,clinical characteristics of PTE patients hospitalized from 2004 to 2010 were analyzed.T-test and chi-square test were used to conduct statistic analysis.Results a) A total of 516 patients(mean age 58.7±14.8 years old) with complete clinical materials were included,of whom 360 were Han nationality(69.8%,mean age 63.5±15.5 years old) and 156 were Uyghur nationality(30.2%,mean age 52.8±14.3 years old).In Han nationality,the peak age of PTE onset was above 70 years of age,while in Uyghur nationality it was 60 to 69 years of age;b) No significant difference was found in the clinical characteristics between the two nationalities;and c) The commonly acquired risk factors for PET patients in both nationalities possibly were age at or over 40 years old,obesity,embolism history and hyperlipidemia.The main risk factor of PTE was obesity in Uyghur nationality,while that was smoking in Han nationality.Conclusion The most common acquired risk factors and basic diseases of PTE patients are probably the age at or over 40 years old,obesity,embolism history and hyperlipidemia,and obesity is commonly seen in Uyghur nationality.A large number of further case-control studies are needed to further confirm this conclusion.