用于制作于EPR氧生物传感器的功能性有机材料的调查研究

纳米生物技术将纳米技术和生物技术相集成,是现代生物工程的重要组成部分.近年来,基于自然界原型的纳米生物材料、分子马达、芯片技术、纳米生物探针等纳米生物技术取得了迅速发展.本课题组参加Received date:Apr.3,2005了欧盟第六框架计划中的(NACBO)项目,它是建立在以前的研究基础之上,集中了各成员国在该研究领域的领先技术及顶尖专业技术人员,如纳米材料的自组装技术、纳米生物技术、多功能纳米生物材料研究的基础知识,纳米材料的包覆手段与材料、生物体与非生物体之间的界面研究等等.欧盟第六框架计划旨在集中各合作方在各领域的专家和先进技术,加入此框架的成员国的研究项目所取得的成果在各成员国之间具有通用性,可以相互使用,互通有无,使资源得到几乎完全应用.本课题组作为中国在纳米生物学领域唯一的参与者,具备得天独厚的研究条件,在对整个合作研究做出自己应尽的义务同时,还将利用其他成员国的研究成果,进一步开展研究,利国利民.本课题组主要在有机功能性材料的研究方面承担责任.EPR(Electronic Paramagnetic Resonance)氧生物医学传感器是一类具有在线检测能力的传感器,它是利用生物体组织的不同氧分压(或氧含量)来实施对异常组织、肿瘤组织的检测.近年来,EPR在生物体系中氧含量的测定中表现出独特性,提供了全时在线氧含量的测定,而且顺磁氧生物医学传感器因其使用成本较低,受到世界各国的关注.生命科学是EPR应用的一个较大的领域,几乎所涉及的生物体系都曾直接或间接的作过EPR测量,其中也包括生物医学和药物学方面的工作.目前使用的测氧材料多是无机材料,可供选择的种类有限.有机化合物的分子设计为这一领域提供了一个可供发展的极大空间--可以有目的的在所选母体化合物上引入所需的官能团,使之具有EPR信号,且具有氧敏性.将这些可选择的已在实际中应用的有机化合物作为母体,可以使材料的毒性降至最底限度;而且相对于无机材料的选择,有机化合物的合成具有很大的人为性与灵活性,也就是说,一旦得到合适的官能团,就可以有目的的合成众多的材料以供筛选.考虑到材料的应用方向,选择了一些在生物医学方面已经应用的有机功能性材料,如菁染料、卟啉及它们的相关化合物作为研究对象,开发其在生物医学领域的新应用.笔者在现有实验的基础上,利用自由基理论和单线态氧理论,设计并合成对氧敏感的顺磁新材料.进而完成对顺磁性新材料的表面处理及成膜研究,得到可应用的纳米EPR氧生物医学传感器.

Investigation of functional organic materials used as EPR oxygen biosensors

Novel and improved nanomaterials, chemistries and apparatus for nano-biotechnology (NACBO) -a project of the Sixth Framework Programme (FP6). The Consortium and project are designed to deliver outcomes which will overcome limitations and omissions in existing technologies as well as innovation in science and technology which will address future needs as they arise. The Consortium combines key European small and large industries, service providers and academic researches who are experts in the fields of nanoparticles manufacture, characterisation and application, modification chemistries, synthetic nucleic acid chemistries, molecular diagnostics methods development, diagnostic kit manufacture and integrated hardware systems. It will deliver platform technologies,composed of component parts drawn from each area indicated. It intends to be recognised as a European/World Centre for Excellence in research and application in the area of nanobiotechnology.Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), or called electron spin resonance (ESR), studies paramagnetic materials which have unpaired electrons. The technique of EPR spectroscopy is more than 50 years old, but only recently it has become widely used for the study of functional tissues and intact animals. Within the last years there has been a very significant amount of progress using low frequency EPR to detect tissue oxygenation (pO2), which has resulted in the availability of instrumentation to make EPR measurements directly in vivo on animals.Molecular design of organic functional materials is the platform that really helps, by which we can introduce functional groups that give EPR signals and have oxygen sensitivity into the matrix compounds so that novel compounds could be prepared. Some sorts of organic functional materials, for example, porphyrin, cyanine dyes and their related compounds were selected in our research. Using the theories of free radicals and singlet oxygen, we are developing and approving molecular design and synthesis of organic paramagnetic and oxygen sensitive materials. According to the methods, a series of organic materials could be prepared and screened further to use in EPR bioscnsors. At present, many achievements have been acquired in the study of porphyrin and derivatives; and studies will be undertaken on new spin traps structurcs based upon cyanine and merocyanine. It is great valuable in the field of the study of EPR oxygen biosensors in that our research will establish quality control for its routine usability.