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视网膜神经节细胞凋亡的信号通路研究进展
引用本文:王维[综述] 陈玲[审校]. 视网膜神经节细胞凋亡的信号通路研究进展[J]. 眼科研究, 2014, 0(4): 359-364
作者姓名:王维[综述] 陈玲[审校]
作者单位:复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院眼科,上海200031
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(81000381);上海浦江人才基金A类资助项目(10PJl401900);教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金项目(42批)
摘    要:视网膜神经节细胞(RGCs)的进行性凋亡是许多视网膜病变和视神经疾病进展到最后的必经之路,是多种眼病致盲的根本原因.RGCs对外界因素的影响异常敏感,外伤、高眼压、炎症和神经毒素等均可造成其不可逆的损伤,而这些细胞外信号又通过不同的途径影响着细胞内部的信号转导,调节细胞内凋亡相关基因的表达,最终造成RGCs的凋亡.本文从细胞外部因素的诱导、细胞内部的信号传递和基因调控3个方面总结病理情况下RGCs凋亡信号转导通路研究的最新进展,旨在为视网膜神经保护药物的开发提供新的思路.

关 键 词:视网膜神经节细胞  病理学  细胞凋亡  诱导因素,基因  信号转导通路  神经保护  药物

Update on apoptosis signal pathway of retinal ganglion cell
Affiliation:Department of Ophthalmology ,Affiliated E&ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China)
Abstract:Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) apoptosis is the ultimate pathway of many disorders involved in the retina and optic nerve,and contributes to irreversible visual loss.RGCs are vulnerable to various stimulates including ocular trauma,intraocular hypertension,endoophthalmitis and neurotoxin,and eventually undergo apoptosis.Those external stimulates can activate multiple intracellular signal pathways,and regulate apoptosis associated genes.This paper reviewed the recent findings regarding external stimulates,intracellular signaling pathways and gene regulation involved in the pathological retinal ganglion cells death,in order to provide potential targets for the development of new specific therapies for disorders associate with RGCs degeneration.
Keywords:Retinal ganglion cells/pathology  Apoptosis/induced factor,gene  Signal transduction  Neuroprotection/drug
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