年龄相关性白内障及手术对老年人优势眼的影响

背景 年龄相关性白内障及其手术后优势眼的变化与患者视觉质量呈明显相关,但白内障术后患者优势眼的变化与视力改变的关系研究较少. 目的 观察年龄相关性白内障及白内障手术对老年人优势眼的影响.方法 采用系列病例观察研究方法.收集2011年12月至2012年4月在温州医科大学附属眼视光医院就诊的年龄相关性白内障患者87例,患者行白内障超声乳化摘出联合IOL植入术.患者按标准对数视力表最佳矫正远视力分组,双眼间视力差别≥2行者为A组,双眼间视力差别≤1行者为B组,分别于术前及术后1d、1周、1个月、3个月用卡洞法或拇指法检测患者优势眼的分布及变化情况,以MecNmar检验对术眼手术前后优势眼分布的差异进行统计学分析. 结果 患者术前LogMAR最佳矫正远视力中位数（M）值为0.40（0.00 ～ 1.40）,术后为0.00（-0.08～0.30）,差异有统计学意义（Z=-9.481,P=0.000）.A组42例患者中术前右眼为优势眼者24例,左眼18例;33例（占78.57％）患者白内障较轻的眼为优势眼,9例（占21.43％）白内障较重眼为优势眼;患者术后右眼为优势眼者31例,左眼者11例;42例患者中13例发生优势眼转变,其中10例由左眼变为右眼,3例由右眼变为左眼,4例优势眼不稳定.B组45例患者中,术前右眼为优势眼者27例,左眼优势眼者18例;患者中4例优势眼发生转变,3例由左眼变为右眼,1例由右眼变为左眼,5例优势眼不稳定.两组患者手术前、手术后优势眼的分布差异均无统计学意义（A组：P=0.092;B组：P=0.727）. 结论 年龄相关性白内障导致的屈光介质混浊可对优势眼产生影响,白内障术后屈光介质透明性改变会导致优势眼的转换.

Influence of age-related cataract and cataract-surgery on dominance eye

Background The alteration of dominance eye is associated with visual quality in patients with age-related cataract or after cataract-surgery.However,the study on the relationship of dominance eye shift with vision following cataract-surgery is lack.Objective This study was to observe the influence of age-related cataract and cataract surgery on ocular dominance in the elderly.Methods A serial cases-observational study was designed.Eighty-seven patients with age-related cataract were collected from December 2011 to April 2012 in Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,and phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens （IOL） implantation was performed in all the patients.The patients were grouped into binocular vision difference （best corrected distance vision） ≥2 lines group （42 patients） and ≤ 1 line group （45 patients） on the standard logarithmic visual acuity chart.The frequency and shift of dominant eye were determined by card-hole method or thumb method before operation and 1 day,1 week,1 month and 3 months after operation.The difference in the frequencies of dominant eye between before and after operation was analyzed with MecNmar test.Results The median of best corrected distance vision （LogMAR） was 0.40 （0.00-1.40） in preoperation and 0.00 （-0.08-0.30） in postoperation,with significant difference between them （Z=-9.481,P =0.000）.In the binocular vision difference ≥ 2 lines group,the dominant eyes were 24 in the right eyes and 18 in the left eyes.The milder cataractous eyes were identified as dominant eyes in 33 （78.57%） patients and heavier cataractous eyes were determined as dominant eyes in 9 （21.43%） patients before operation.However,the right eye was evidenced as dominant eye in 31 patients and the left eye was in 11 patients after operation.In the 42 patients,dominant eye shifted from the left eyes to the right eyes in 10 patients and from the right eyes to the left eyes in 3 patients,and 4 patients presented an unstable change binocularly.In 45 patients of the binocular vision difference ≤ 1 line group,the dominant eyes were the right eyes in 27 patients and the left eyes in 18 eyes in preoperation ; while after operation,dominant eye altered form the left eyes to the right eyes in 3 patients and form the right eyes to the left eyes in 1 patient,and unstable change occurred in 5 patients.There were no significant differences in the frequency of dominant eyes between before and after operation both the two groups （group A：P =0.092 ; group B：P =0.727）.Conclusions Age-related cataract impact on eye dominance.Dominance eye may occur alteration binocularly following cataract surgery,which is one of causes of visual discomfort.