角膜内皮移植术研究进展

角膜内皮移植术是一种新的手术方法,主要用来治疗各种严重的角膜内皮病变。它是用健康的供体植片来置换病变的内皮层和后弹力层,而尽量保留未病变的组织。该手术因损伤小、视力恢复快、排斥反应少,现已取代穿透性角膜移植术而成为治疗内皮病变的首选方法,撕除后弹力层的角膜内皮移植术是目前的主流术式。植片脱位是术后最主要的并发症,向前房内重新注入气泡或用黏弹剂多可使植片复位。飞秒激光的引入有可能使手术更加完美。现就角膜内皮移植术的适应证、手术方法及并发症等方面的研究进展进行综述。

Research Advances in Endothelial Keratoplasty

Endothelial keratoplasty is a new surgical technique in treatment of severe corneal endothelial keratopathy.Its surgical procedure is to replace diseased endothelium layer with healthy donor graft,while retaining healthy portions of a paitient′s cornea.It provides quicker and better visual rehabilitation,not only because of its sutureless and minor incision procedure,but also its low rejection rate.It is now taking the place of standard penetrating keratoplasty.Endothelial keratoplasty with Descemet stripping is mainstream operative method in endothelial keratoplasty.The main postoperational complication is dislocation of donor graft,but injection of air bubble or viscoelastic agent into anterior chamber can reattach dislocated grafts.The use of femtosecond laser probably makes operations perfect.Here is to make a review on some related aspects about endothelial keratoplasty,including indications,operative methods,complications,and so on.