头孢菌素类抗菌药物皮肤过敏试验现状的医疗风险分析

目的:甄别头孢菌素类药皮肤过敏试验的医疗风险,为最小化用药风险提供参考。方法:采用药品风险管理理论,归纳头孢菌素类药皮试的医疗风险并进行分析。结果:头孢菌素类药皮试的医疗风险可分为天然风险和人为风险。前者主要以药品不良反应形式存在,多由药品自身属性决定;后者则由于药政部门的管理机制不完善、药品生产厂家的药品说明书缺陷以及临床医师不合理用药等导致。结论:医疗风险的存在,给临床用药安全埋下了隐患。建议确立具有指导性的行业规定,明确药品生产厂家的责任主体意识,规范临床理论依据的差异化表述,并重视和加强医师的医德医风教育,从而将临床用药的风险降至最低。

Analysis of Medical Risk for Skin Allergy Test of Cephalosporin Antibiotic Drugs

OBJECTIVE： To screen medical risks of skin allergy test for cephalosporin antibiotic, and to provide reference for minimizing medication risk. METHODS： By using drug risk management theory, medical risk of skin allergy test for cephalosporin antibiotics were summarized and analyzed. RESULTS： The medical risks of skin test for cephalosporin antibiotics included natural risks and human risk. The former mainly were the adverse drug reactions, and caused by the property of drugs; the latter were caused by incomplete management mechanisms of pharmaceutical administration department, defective drug package insert and irrational drug use. CONCLUSIONS： The existences of medical risks have brought the inevitable clinical drug problems. It is suggested to establish instructive industry regulations, define the responsibility of pharmaceutical manufacturer, standardize the different expression of clinical theoretic basis, and emphasize and strengthen medical ethics of doctors, so as to minimize the risk of clinical drug use.