Injectable and oral contraception and the incidence and progression of cervical disease in HIV-infected women in South Africa |
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| Authors: | Daniel Westreich Naiomi Jamal Jennifer S Smith Doreen Schulze Sophie Williams Pam Michelow Simon Levin Cynthia Firnhaber |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA;2. Department of Family Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA;3. Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA;4. Clinical HIV Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa;5. Right to Care, Johannesburg, South Africa;6. Cytology Unit, National Health Laboratory Service and Department of Pathology, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa;g Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundFew data exist regarding the effect of hormonal contraception (HC) on incidence and progression of cervical disease (e.g., cervical dysplasia, squamous intraepithelial lesions, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia) in HIV-infected African women.Study DesignWe conducted an observational study of HIV-seropositive women in Johannesburg, South Africa. The effect of individual HC types on the incidence and progression of cervical disease was determined using Poisson regression to obtain adjusted incidence rate ratios.ResultsWe evaluated 594 HIV-infected women, with median follow-up time of 445 days; 75 of these women were receiving some form of HC (largely DMPA, NET-EN, or COCs) at baseline. Risks of incidence and progression of cervical disease were similar comparing women not receiving HCs to women receiving DMPA, NET-EN, or COCs both individually by HC-type and considering all HC together.ConclusionsThere was no statistically significant effect of particular HC methods or of HC use in general on rates of incidence or progression of cervical disease in this study. These results should reassure us that use of HC is unlikely to substantially increase risks of cervical disease among HIV-positive women. |
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| Keywords: | Cervical disease Combined oral contraceptives DMPA HIV NET-EN |
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