Metabolic effects of infection and postnatal steroids

Optimal development of the newborn depends on rapid accretion of substrate in the neonatal period, particularly in the premature infant. Steroids and infection not only induce catabolism, but associated endogenous responses reprioritize crucial substrate to restore homeostasis. The result is a protein/energy deficit and concomitant delay in growth and development. Innovative feeding strategies and novel therapies are needed to reduce the impact of catabolism in this population.