肥胖和糖尿病患者摄食的认知行为分析

目的 探讨肥胖和糖尿病患者在摄食方面的认知行为差异，为认知行为治疗的实施提供依据。方法 采用日本摄食行为量表对23例超重和肥胖者、42例2型糖尿病和33例正常体重者进行问卷调查，进行信度分析、方差和相关分析等统计学处理。结果 在体质认识和伙食方法上，肥胖组积分明显高于糖尿病组和对照组，饮食内容与肥胖度呈正相关；在摄食规律上，糖尿病组积分明显高于肥胖组和对照组，体质认识与肥胖度成正相关。结论 纠正肥胖者在体质认识和摄食行为上的错误认知，调整饮食内容有助于减轻体重；矫正适应不良性行为，学习摄食规律化，是预防糖尿病的发生及巩固疗效的重要措施之一。

Analysis of dietary cognitive behavior in patients with obesity and NIDDM

Objective To investigate differences of dietary cognitive behavior on patients with obese and NIDDM in order to offer evidences on cognitive therapy for these patients. Methods 23 cases with obese, 42 cases with NIDDM and 33 cases with normal body weight were investigated with Japanese Dietary Behavior Scale. Some statistics were taken such as reliability analysis, analysis of variance, coefficient of correlation. Results In obese patients, the grades on recognitions of constitution and diet patterns were significantly higher than ones in NIDDN and control groups. There were direct correlation between diet contents and fat index. In NIDDM, the grades on regular patterns of diet were significantly higher than ones in obesity and control groups. There were direct correlation between recognitions of constitution and fat index. Conclusion Correcting misunderstandings on recognitions of constitution and dietary behavior and adjusting diet contents are beneficial for weight reduction in obese patients. It is one of important methods of preventing against occurrence and maintaining curative effects of diabetes to rectify inadaptable behaviors and learning regulative dietary lifestyles.