远洋船员人格特质的相关研究

目的了解远洋船员的共同人格特质，这些人格特质形成的原因以及对心理健康等的影响。方法使用卡特尔16种人格因素问卷（16PF）以及测试者基本情况问卷等工具，对2272名远洋船员进行测试，并对测试结果进行分析。结果①远洋船员的16PF人格因素与全国男性成人常模比较，其有恒性、怀疑性、忧虑性、自律性、紧张性均值高于常模，且差异非常显著；聪慧性、稳定性、恃强性、兴奋性、敢为性、敏感性、实验性、独立性均值低于常模，且差异显著；②远洋船员的人格特质的差异影响到他们对远洋船员生活的适应性；③远洋船员的聪慧性、稳定性、有恒性、敏感性、忧虑性、独立性、自律性和紧张性等人格特质影响到他们的心理健康。结论远洋船员作为特殊的职业群体有其共同的人格特质，这些共同的人格特质的形成受远洋船舶工作和生活的环境影响，又反过来对远洋船员生活的适应性产生影响。远洋船员的人格特质和他们的心理健康有一定的关系。

Correlation Study of the Personality Trait of Ocean Seamen

Objective To explore the common personality traits of oce an seamen, th e formation reason of these personality traits and their relationships with ment al health of ocean seamen. Methods Using Cattell Sixteen Person ality Factor Que stionnaire (16PF) and questionnaire, to carry a comprehensive and systematic ana lysis on 2,272 ocean seamen. Results (1)The mean of sixteen per sonality factor of ocean seamen is substantially higher than national male adult normal in perse verance, suspicion, worry, self-restraint, nervousness, and obviously lower tha n normal in intelligence, stability, stubbornness, excitability, boldness, sensit ivity, experiment, independence. (2)The difference of personality trait of ocean seamen will affect their adaptability to ocean life. (3)Personality trait of oc ean seamen, such as intelligence, stability, perseverance, sensitivity, worry, i ndependence , self-restraint, nervousness, and so on will further have effects o n their mental health. Conclusion As the special professional g roup, ocean seam en have their common personality traits. The formation of these personality trai ts are affected by their working and living environment which in turn would exer t a negative influence on the ocean seamen's adaptability. Therefore the semen's personality trait is in some sense related to their mental health.