宝鸡市农村饮水安全工程生活饮用水卫生现状调查与对策

目的了解宝鸡市农村饮水安全工程的生活饮用水水质卫生状况及存在问题，提出改善农村饮用水卫生质量的策略与措施。方法对宝鸡市10个县区农村生活饮用水进行调查，并对抽取的225个农村饮水安全工程，进行水质监测评价。结果农村集中式供水人口和分散式供水人口分别占85．11％和14．89％；集中式供水点1265处，分散式供水点273处；采集枯水期、丰水期出厂水及末梢水共900份水样进行检测，总合格率为72．33％，枯水期水质合格率为78．22％，丰水期水质合格率为66．44％，两者差异有统计学意义；地表水合格率为49．32％，地下水合格率为76，86％，两者差异有统计学意义；水净化处理情况，完全处理水质合格率为80．43％，未全处理水质合格率为71．41％，两者差异无统计学意义。结论宝鸡市农村饮水安全工程水源防护较差，微生物污染较重，要增强对农村饮水安全工程的投入，配备水净化消毒设施，加强水源保护，加强供水管理和对农村饮水安全工程供水，提高农村饮水安全工程供水质量，确保农村居民饮水安全。

Investigation and countermeasures of sanitary conditions of drinking water safety project in rural areas of Baoji City

[ Objective] To understand the sanitary conditions and existing problems of drinking water safety projects in rural areas of Baoji City, proposes the strategies and measures to improve the quality of rural drinking water hygiene. [Methods] The rural drinking water of 10 counties/districts in Baoji City was investigated, and 225 rural drinking water safety projects were selected, to monitor and evaluate the water quality. [Results] The population used centralized water supply and decentralized water supply in rural areas accounted for 85.11 % and 14.89% respectively. There were 1 265 centralized water supply sites, and 273 decentralized water supply sites. 900 water samples of finished water and tap water were collected in the dry season and the flood season, and the total qualified rate was 72.33%. The qualified rate in the dry season and the flood season was 78.22% and 66.44% respectively, and the difference was statistically significant. The qualified rate of surface water and groundwater was 49. 32% and 76. 86% respectively, and difference was statistically significant. The qualified rate of complete treatment water and non-complete treatment water was 80.43% and 71. 41 % respectively, and there was no significant difference. [Conclusion] The water source protection of rural drinking water safety projects is poor in Baoji City, and the microbial pollution is serious. It is necessary to increase the investment in rural drinking water safety projects, equip with purification and disinfection facilities, strengthen the protection of water sources, enhance the management of water supply and rural drinking water safety project, and improve the quality of rural drinking water safety projects, to ensure the drinking water safety in rural areas.