2006-2012年上海市闸北区职业卫生监测结果

目的了解上海市闸北区企业职业危害监测情况，探索今后职业病防治工作的重点，为科学寻找职业病防治措施提供针对性的建议。方法对2006--2012年辖区内244家企业作业场所职业病危害因素监测结果进行分析。结果粉尘、毒物、物理因素7年的合格率分别为93．40％、98．01％、82．91％，超标项目主要为矽尘、木粉尘、锰及其无机化合物、苯系物和噪声。不同监测因素之间合格率差异有统计学意义（x2=140．004，P〈0．01）；不同规模企业职业病危害合格率差异有统计学意义（x2=9．691，P〈0．01），大型企业监测合格率低于中小型企业；不同经济类型间合格率差异亦有统计学意义（x2=19．682，P〈0．01），外资类企业监测合格率明显低于其他经济类型企业。结论应加强对涉及矽尘、木粉尘、锰及其无机化合物、苯系物等有毒有害因素的企业的监督监测，同时也应关注大中型企业、外资类企业，加强其职业卫生监督管理工作。

Monitoring results of occupational health in Zhabei District of Shanghai City from 2006-2012

Objective] To understand the status of occupational hazards monitoring in Zhahei district, to identify the key tasks of our future occupational diseases prevention and control, and offer effective suggestions on seeking occupational disease prevention and control measures scientifically. Methods] The monitoring results of occupational hazards in the workplace of 244 industrial enterprises from 2006-2012 were analyzed. Results] The average qualified rate of dust, toxicant and physical agent in these 7 years was 93.40% , 98.01 % , 82.91 % respectively. The main Items exceeding the corresponding standards were silica dust, wood dust, manganese and its inorganic compounds and benzene series and noise. The qualified rates of different monitoring factors were significantly different （ X2 = 140. 004, P 〈 0.01）. The qualified rates of monitored employing units of various scales were of statistic significance （X2=9.691 ,P 〈0. 01）. The qualified rates of large enterprises were lower than those of small or medium sized enterprises. Comparisons between enterprises of different economic types also had statistic significance （ X2 = 19. 682 ,P 〈 0. 01 ）. The qualified rates of collective foreign invested enterprises were significantly lower than those of enterprises of other economic types. Conclusion] Supervising and monitoring of enterprises whose productive processes involves hazards including silica dust, wood dust, manganese and its inorganic compounds and benzene series and other toxic or harmful substances should be strengthened as well as the large and medium-sized enterprises and foreign invested enterprise. Supervision and management of occupational health in these places should be enhanced.