A mixture of three prebiotics does not affect vaccine specific antibody responses in healthy term infants in the first year of life |
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Authors: | Stam Jose van Stuijvenberg Margriet Garssen Johan Knipping Karen Sauer Pieter J J |
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Institution: | a Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital, UMC Groningen, CA51, P.O. Box 30001, 9700 RB Groningen, Netherlands b Danone Research - Centre for Specialized Nutrition, P.O. Box 7005, 6700 CA Wageningen, Netherlands c Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, P.O. Box 80115, 3508 TC Utrecht, Netherlands |
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Abstract: | BackgroundPrevious studies have shown, that prebiotics can modulate the immune response in infants at risk for allergy, leading to a lower incidence of atopic dermatitis. Few studies have evaluated the effect of prebiotic carbohydrates alone on the vaccine-specific antibody response as a marker for the development of the immune system in healthy infants not at risk for allergy.AimThis study evaluates the effect of adding a specific prebiotic mixture of short chain galacto-oligosaccharides (scGOS)/long chain fructo-oligosaccharides (lcFOS) ratio 9:1 and pectin-derived acidic oligosaccharides (pAOS) to formula feeding on the specific immunoglobulin responses to Haemophilus influenza type b (Hib) and tetanus immunization in healthy non-atopic infants during the first year of life.MethodsThis substudy has been embedded in a multinational multicenter RCT (n = 1130 children) to evaluate the effect of study prebiotics on the incidence of fever episodes during the first year of life. The study prebiotics were administered throughout the first year of life. This is a substudy on the vaccine-specific immunoglobulin responses to Hib and tetanus immunizations. Only data of the Dutch children, 80 in the prebiotics group and 84 in the control group, were used for this substudy. They all followed the national vaccination schedule leading to a homogeneous group. Blood was sampled at 6 and 12 months of age.ResultsHib immunizations: median values did not differ between groups at the age of 6 and 12 months. At the age of 12 months, 34 out of 37 (91.9%) infants in the prebiotics group and 31 out of 34 infants (91.2%) in the control group had Hib antibody levels >1.0 μg/ml.Tetanus immunizations: median values did not differ between groups at the age of 6 and 12 months and were above the cut-off value of 0.1 IU/ml in all infants in both the prebiotics and the control group.ConclusionNo effect of prebiotics supplementation on vaccination specific antibody levels was found in children up to the age of 12 months; the vaccine specific antibody levels in infants fed the study prebiotics or a control diet were similar during the first year of life. We hypothesize that this specific prebiotic mixture, which resembles the composition of oligosaccharides in human milk, mainly promotes Th1 and Treg dependent immune responses and induces a down regulation of IgE-mediated allergic responses, while the desired vaccine-specific serum antibody responses remain intact. |
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Keywords: | Th T-helper scGOS short chain galacto-oligosaccharides lcFOS long chain fructo-oligosaccharidespAOSpectin-derived acidic oligosaccharides DTH delayed-type hypersensitivity Hib haemophilus influenza type b MIPS multicenter infection prevention study Ig immunoglobulin RCT randomized controlled trial |
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