外科治疗主动脉窦瘤70例的远期疗效分析

目的　总结 70例主动脉窦瘤的外科治疗经验。方法　 1988年 9月～ 2 0 0 3年 10月收治主动脉窦瘤患者 70例 ,占同期所有体外循环手术病例的 1 4 % ( 70 /496 0 ) ,其中男性 4 5例 ,女性 2 5例 ,年龄 3～ 6 9岁 平均 ( 2 9± 15 )岁 ]。窦瘤突入右心室 4 6例、右心房 2 3例、左心室 1例。起源于右冠状动脉窦者 6 1例 ( 87% ) ,无冠状动脉窦者 9例 ( 13% )。最常见的合并畸形为室间隔缺损 ( 34例 )和主动脉瓣关闭不全 ( 2 1例 )。手术采用单一右心房、右心室或主动脉切口或主动脉切口与右心房、右心室联合切口 ,直接缝合 ( 4 3例 )和补片修补 ( 2 7例 )闭合主动脉窦部缺损 ,术中行主动脉瓣置换术6例。结果　无术后早期死亡。 1997年以前术后住院天数为 8～ 33d平均 ( 14 3± 6 4 )d],1997年以后术后住院天数为 6～ 15d平均 ( 9 1± 2 6 )d]。术后并发切口感染 4例、出血 3例、气胸 1例、心律失常 4例和室间隔缺损修补术后残余漏 1例。随访 5 3例 ( 76 % ) ,随访时间 2个月～ 13年 平均( 6 6± 3 8)年 ],除 1例术后 7年死于主动脉夹层破裂外 ,全部存活 ,心功能为NYHA分级Ⅰ～Ⅲ级 ;合并主动脉瓣关闭不全者 ( 15例 )较未合并主动脉瓣关闭不全者 ( 38例 )心功能差 ( χ2 =8 30 ,P <0 0 1) ,主动脉窦

Clinical analysis for 70 sinus of valsalva aneurysm

OBJECTIVE: To review retrospectively the experience of surgical repair of sinus of valsalva aneurysm (SVA) in 70 patients. METHODS: Between September, 1988 and October, 2003, Seventy patients with SVA underwent surgical repair by the aid of general anesthesia and cardiopulmonary bypass, comprised 1.4% (70/4960) of all open-heart operation. Forty-five were male and 25 female. Age ranged from 3 to 69 years old mean (29 +/- 15) years]. The aneurysms ruptured into the right ventricle in 46 patients, right atrium in 23 and left ventricle in 1 respectively. The aneurysms originated from right and noncoronary sinus in 61 patients (87%) and 9 patients (13%) respectively. The most common associated cardiovascular lesions were ventricular septal defect (VSD, n = 34) and aortic valve incompetence (n = 21). Repairs were achieved through an incision in right atriotomy, right ventriculotomy or aortotomy only or both aortotomy and right atriotomy (or right ventriculotomy). The defects in the sinus of valsalva was repaired with either direct sutures (n = 43) or a patch (n = 27). The aortic valve was replaced in 6 patients. RESULTS: There were no deaths in early time after repair. Postoperative hospital stay was 8 approximately 33 days mean +/- standard deviation, (14.3 +/- 6.4) days] before 1997 and 6 approximately 15 days mean +/- standard deviation, (9.1 +/- 2.6) days] after 1997 respectively. Complications included infection (n = 4), hemorrhage (n = 4), pneumothorax (n = 1), arrhythmia (n = 4) and residual shunt (n = 1) of VSD. Fifty-three (76%) patients (2 months approximately 13 years) were followed-up mean +/- standard deviation, (6.6 +/- 3.8) years]. All patients survived except that one died of rupture of dissecting aortic aneurysm 7 years after operation. CONCLUSIONS: The ruptured sinus of valsalva aneurysm and unruptured sinus of valsalva aneurysm with ventricle septal defect or(and) aortic valve regurgitation should be repaired surgically as soon as the diagnosis was confirmed. Long-term results are associated with preoperative aortic valve regurgitation.