浙江省温州地区围生儿先天性心脏病相关因素病例对照研究

目的 探讨温州地区先天性心脏病（CHD）发病的相关影响因素，为CHD的病因学研究和制定预防措施提供科学依据。方法 本研究采用1:1病例对照研究，通过自行设计的调查问卷进行调查，采集温州地区2015-2016年围生儿中500名CHD患儿和500名正常儿童母亲的相关信息，采用单因素和多因素条件logistic回归分析进行CHD的相关因素分析。结果 单因素和多因素条件logistic回归分析结果显示，大专及以上文化程度、单胎妊娠、服用叶酸等为保护因素，OR值分别为0.741（95%CI:0.551~0.996）、0.191（95%CI:0.083~0.441）和0.528（95%CI:0.368~0.757）；接触化学物质、孕早期感冒、服促排卵药、接触宠物、居屋装修、染发、饮酒、异常生育史、丈夫吸烟9项为危险因素，OR值分别为9.033（95%CI:1.116~73.129）、1.616（95%CI:1.193~2.189）、17.333（95%CI:7.197~136.751）、2.679（95%CI:1.089~6.593）、15.240（95%CI:5.945~39.068）、3.030（95%CI:1.656~5.546）、8.448（95%CI:1.043~68.432）、3.028（95%CI:1.655~5.538）和1.336（95%CI:1.008~1.772）。结论 积极做好预防工作，针对危险因素进行有效干预，降低CHD的发生率，提高人口素质。

Case control study of congenital heart disease related factors in perinatal infants in Wenzhou

Objective To understand the factors influencing the incidence of congenital heart diseases (CHD) in Wenzhou and provide scientific evidence for the etiological study and prevention of CHD.Methods In this 1∶1 case-control study,questionnaire survey was conducted to collect the information of mothers of 500 infants with CHD and 500 healthy infants during 2015-2016,and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify CHD related factors.Results The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that education level of college or above,singleton pregnancy,folic acid supplement were the protective factors,the odds ratios were 0.741 (95％ CI:0.551-0.996),0.191 (95％ CI:0.083-0.441) and 0.528 (95％ CI:0.368-0.757) respectively,exposure to chemicals,catching cold in early pregnancy,taking ovulation stimulants,exposure to pets,house decoration,hair dye,alcohol use,abnormal reproductive history,husband smoking were the risk factors,the odds ratios were 9.033 (95 ％ CI:1.116-73.129),1.616 (95 ％ CI:1.193-2.189),17.333(95％ CI:7.197-136.751),2.679(95％ CI:1.089-6.593),15.240(95％ CI:5.945-39.068),3.030(95％ CI:1.656-5.546),8.448(95％ CI:1.043-68.432),3.028(95％ CI:1.655-5.538) and 1.336(95％ CI:1.008-1.772) respectively.Conclusion It is necessary to conduct active prevention and targeted intervention to reduce the incidence of CHD and improve population quality.