高粱根不同极性提取部位的抗凝血作用

目的 观察高粱根不同极性提取部位的急性毒性及抗凝血作用.方法 用溶剂法提取分离高梁根的不同极性部位;采用改进寇氏法进行急性毒性试验;测定小鼠的断尾出血时间(BT)、体外血凝血时间(CT)、血浆复钙时间(PRT)、大鼠凝血酶时间(TT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、纤维蛋白原含量(Fbg)、血小板聚集率及耳廓微动脉口径(A)等指标.结果 ig给予小鼠高粱根醇提萃取剩余部位(ER)的LD50 =6.3 g·kg-1,95％可信区间为5.7 ～7.0 g·kg-1;ig给予小鼠高梁根正丁醇部位(BES)、水提醇沉上清液部分(WEAE)的最大耐受量分别为8.0、6.7 g·kg-1;ig给予小鼠高粱根乙酸乙酯部位(EAE)和醇提后药渣水提(SWE)的最大给药量分别为4.4、8.0 g·kg-1;BES和WEAE可明显延长小鼠的BT、CT,扩张微动脉、延长大鼠PRT、PT、APTT、TT、抑制血小板聚集.结论 ER的毒性较大,BES与WEAE的毒性较小,EAE与SWE短期口服给药几乎无毒.BES和WEAE具有抗凝血作用,其抗凝血机制可能与通过影响内源性凝血途径、外源性凝血途径和抑制血小板聚集有关.

The anti-coagulation effect of different polar extracts of Sorghum bicolor Root

OBJECTIVE To observe the acute toxicity and anti coagulation effects of different polar extracts of Sorghum bicolor Root (SBR).METHODS Different polar fractions of SBR were extracted and separated by solvent method.The acute toxicity of different polar extracts of SBR were tested by Karber.The bleeding time (BT),clotting time (CT) and ear caliber arterioles (A) of mice were determined.To observe their effects on rat plasma recalcifieation time (PRT),thrombin time (TT),prothrombin time (PT),activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT),fibrinogen (Fbg),maximum agglutination of plateletin.RESULTS The LD50 value of the remaining parts of the extraction(ER) of SBR was 6.30 g·kg-1,with confidence interval of 5.7-7.0 g·kg-1.Maximum tolerated dose of butanol extraction(BES) and water extraction and alcohol precipitation supernatant(WEAE) of RBS were 8.0 and 6.7 g·kg-1.Maximum administration dosage of ethyl acetate (EAE) and the water extraction residue after alcohol extraction were 4.4 and 8.0 g· kg-1.CONCLUSION The results suggest that toxicity of ER is higher than BES and WEAE.Short term oral administration of EAE and SWE are almost non-toxic.It is suggested that BES and WEAE have anti-coagulation activity by effecting the activity of endogenous and exogenous coagulation pathway,and the inhibition of platelet aggregation.