2015年新疆维吾尔自治区喀什地区麻疹高发原因调查

目的 了解新疆维吾尔自治区（新疆）喀什地区2015年麻疹上升的主要原因，为制定有针对性的麻疹防控策略提供依据。方法 采用历史资料分析与现场调查相结合的方法，对麻疹高发原因进行调查。结果 喀什地区3岁婴幼儿麻疹发病人数占总发病人数的89.81%；8月龄至3岁人群麻疹疫苗估算接种率最高为90.91%，人群麻疹IgG抗体阳性率为62.42%，均低于95.00%的人群免疫屏障水平；疫情处置率为69.36%，低于国家要求水平；病例发病前有医院就诊史的比例为36.69%。结论 免疫屏障难以形成，传染源得不到有效隔离，传播途径不能有效切断，是导致2015年新疆喀什地区麻疹高发的主要原因，需要采取相应措施。

Investigation of high measles incidence in Kashi prefecture of Xinjiang, 2015

Objective To understand the main cause of high measles incidence in Kashi of Xinjiang in 2015 and provide the evidence of measles prevention and control.Methods Both historical data analysis and field investigation were conducted to identify the cause of high incidence of measles.Results The measles cases in local children aged 3 years accounted for 89.81％ of the total.The estimated rate of measles vaccination was highest in children aged 8 months to 3 years (90.91％),the overall positive rate of measles IgG antibody was 62.42％,lower than 95.00％ of herd immunity level.The epidemic response rate was 69.36％,lower than the national requirement.The proportion of hospital visits before the onset of the disease was 36.69％.Conclusion Lower herd immunity,unsanctified infection source control and transmission route block were the main reasons of high measles incidence in Kashi in 2015.It is necessary to take appropriate measures for the prevention and control of measles.